Tōkaidō Main Line
Tōkaidō Main Line | |
---|---|
JT | |
Overview | |
Other name(s) |
|
Native name | 東海道本線 |
Locale | Kantō, Tōkai, Kansai regions |
Termini | |
Stations | 166 (passenger only) |
Service | |
Type | Heavy rail |
Operator(s) | JR East JR Central JR West JR Freight |
History | |
Opened | October 14, 1872 |
Technical | |
Track length | 589.5 km (366.3 mi) |
Track gauge | 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) |
Electrification | 1,500 V DC overhead catenary |
Operating speed | 130 km/h (81 mph) |
The Tōkaidō Main Line (Japanese: 東海道本線, romanized: Tōkaidō-honsen) is one of the most important railway corridors in Japan, connecting the major cities of Tokyo and Kobe via Shizuoka, Nagoya, Kyoto and Osaka. The line, with termini at Tokyo and Kobe stations, is 589.5 km (366.3 mi) long, not counting its many freight feeder lines around the major cities. The high-speed Tōkaidō Shinkansen largely parallels the line.
The term "Tōkaidō Main Line" is largely a holdover from pre-Shinkansen days; now various portions of the line have different names which are officially used by JR East, JR Central, and JR West. Today, the only daily passenger train that travels the entire length of the line is the combinedSunrise Izumo/Sunrise Seto service which runs overnight. During the day, longer intercity trips using the line require several transfers along the way.
The Tokaido Main Line is owned and operated by three Japan Railways Group (JR Group) companies:
- East Japan Railway Company (JR East) (Tokyo - Atami) - Tōkaidō Line
- Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) (Atami - Maibara) - Tōkaidō Line
- West Japan Railway Company (JR West) (Maibara - Kōbe) - Biwako Line, JR Kyoto Line, JR Kobe Line
History
[edit]Completion and early days, 1872–1913
[edit]The Tōkaidō route takes its name from the ancient road connecting the Kansai region (Kyoto, Osaka) with the Kantō region (Tokyo, then Edo) through the Tōkai region (including Nagoya). Its name meant "Tōkai road", or the road running through Tōkai. The Tōkaidō Line does not follow the old road exactly, since the latter diverges at Nagoya toward the Mie Prefecture coastline; to follow it by train, the Kansai Main Line and Kusatsu Line would have to be followed from Nagoya to Kusatsu. Japan's largest population centers are all along this route: Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Kyoto, Osaka, and Kobe. Since construction of the line, these centers have since grown to occupy an ever more dominant role in the country's government, financial, manufacturing, and cultural life.[1]
Historically, one of the first priorities of Japanese railway planners was to build a line from Tokyo to the Kansai region, either following the Tokaido route or the northern Nakasendō route. This decision remained unresolved as regional needs were addressed. The first railway in Japan was the line from Shimbashi to Sakuragicho in Yokohama, which opened in 1872; another segment of today's Tokaido Main Line, between Kyoto and Kobe, opened in 1877.[2]
In 1883, the government decided to use the Nakasendō route, and construction of several segments commenced (including the modern-day Takasaki Line). Railways were opened between Ogaki and Nagahama (1884) and between Nagoya and Kisogawa (1886) in line with the Nakasendo plan. However, by 1886, it was clear that the Tokaido route would be more practical, and so the Nakasendo plan was abandoned.[2]
The lines between Kisogawa and Ogaki, Yokohama and Kozu, and Hamamatsu and Obu were completed in 1887, and the first line from Tokyo to Kobe was completed in 1889, when Kozu and Hamamatsu were connected through the present-day Gotemba Line corridor. The final segments were completed between Kasumigahara and Otsu. At the time, there was one Tokyo–Kobe train in each direction per day, taking over 20 hours each way. The "Tokaido Line" name was formally adopted in 1895. In October 1895, following the Sino-Japanese War, through service to the Sanyo Railway (now the San'yō Main Line) began.[2]
Express service between Tokyo and Kobe began in 1896, sleeper service in 1900, and dining car service in 1901. In 1906, all privately run main lines were nationalized under the newly created Japanese Government Railways, which at the time had a network of just over 7,000 km (4,300 mi) of track.
Capacity expansion and route changes, 1914–1945
[edit]On 20 December 1914, Tokyo Station opened and succeeded Shinbashi Station as the Tokyo-side terminus of the line. On the same day, an electrified commuter line was inaugurated along the section between Tokyo Station and today’s Yokohama Station, which is now part of the Keihin–Tōhoku Line.[2] Automatic couplers were introduced on all freight wagons in 1926. In 1930, the first Tsubame ("swallow") express was introduced, reducing the Tokyo - Kobe travel-time to nine hours - a significant reduction from the twenty hours required in 1889 and fifteen in 1903.[1]
By the start of the Taishō era, route changes on several stretches of the line were deemed necessary to accommodate growing demand. The route bypassing Osakayama (between Ōtsu and Kyoto Stations), in use since 1878, was closed when the current, less steep route with two long tunnels was completed on 25 September 1919. The mountainous Gotemba stretch required an even larger-scale route change, culminating in the completion of the Tanna Tunnel in 1934 after 15 years of construction. The new route through the tunnel is 11.2 kilometres long, compared to the old Gotemba route, which took a 60.2-kilometre detour around the Tanna Basin.[4] With the opening of the tunnel, the section between Tokyo and Numazu was fully electrified, as steam locomotives were unable to operate through the long tunnel safely.[5]
Electrification also progressed on the other end of the line around the same time, in 1934. Commuter rapid services between Kyoto and Kobe, using 52 Series streamliner EMUs, began in 1937. However, further electrification of the line was overshadowed by the Second World War and did not resume until after the war. For security reasons, the army preferred to keep the middle portion of the line unelectrified, as unelectrified tracks were much easier to repair in the event of an enemy attack.[6]
During the war, the line's focus shifted towards freight services. Express services were significantly reduced, and sleepers and restaurant cars were withdrawn from service in 1944. JNR Class D52 locomotives were introduced for wartime freight transport, but their poor manufacturing quality led to several boiler explosion accidents.[7]
As the main transport artery of postwar Japan, 1945–1964
[edit]In the immediate aftermath of the war, almost all surviving express train carriages were requisitioned by the Allied Occupation Forces. Services such as the Allied Limited (Tokyo–Moji), Dixie Limited (Tokyo–Hakata), and the BCOF Train (Tokyo–Kure) operated on the Tōkaidō Line. Express trains for Japanese nationals resumed in April 1947, with sleeper services following in July 1948.[8]
In 1949, the Limited Express Heiwa, a successor to the pre-war Tsubame service, and the sleeper express Ginga both began operating between Tokyo and Osaka. In January 1950, Heiwa was renamed Tsubame. Makeshift D52 freight locomotives were converted into C62 express locomotives, the largest and fastest steam engines in Japan's rail history, to haul these services. One of the C62s, C62 17, holds the narrow-gauge steam world speed record, which was achieved on the Tokaido line near Nagoya on 15 December 1954, and is preserved at the SCMaglev and Railway Park.[9]
On 19 November 1956, the line was fully electrified. The Tokyo–Osaka express trains, Tsubame and Hato, began to be hauled by JNR EF58 locomotives for the entire length of the route, reducing travel time from 8 hours to 7 hours and 30 minutes.[10] With no concerns about smoke polluting the carriages, these trains were painted light green and nicknamed Aodaishō (green snakes, referring to the Japanese rat snake).[11]
On 1 October 1958, the Kodama, the first limited express service operated by EMUs rather than locomotive-hauled carriages, commenced. This service further reduced travel time to 6 hours and 50 minutes. The Series 151 EMUs marked a significant milestone in railway technology, as EMUs were previously considered unsuitable for high-speed and long-distance services due to issues like noise, vibration, and cost. Since then, all non-sleeper express rolling stock, including the Shinkansen, has been designed as EMUs. On the same day, the Asakaze sleeper express entered service with the newly built Series 20 carriages. These carriages were fully air-conditioned and nicknamed the 'hotel on the rail'.[12][13] Because these sleeper carriages and their successors were painted blue, sleeper trains in Japan came to be known as Blue Trains.
After the opening of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen, 1964–1987
[edit]The capacity constraints on the Tokaido Main Line had been clear prior to World War II, and work started on a new 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge "bullet train" line in 1940. Intercity passenger traffic between Tokyo, Nagoya and Osaka largely transferred to the Tōkaidō Shinkansen after it was completed in 1964. Since then, the Tokaido Main Line has been used as a commuter and freight line, serving a very small number of long-distance passenger trains (mainly overnight and sleeper services).
Privatisation, 1987–present
[edit]Following the Hanshin earthquake on 17 January 1995, the line was shut down between Takatsuki and Kobe, with certain segments remaining impassable until 1 April of that year.
On 20 August 2016, station numbering was introduced, with stations between Tokyo and Osaki assigned station numbers of JT01 to JT07.[14][15] Numbers increase towards in the southbound direction towards Osaki. Station numbers would be assigned to stations beyond Osaki as far as Atami in 2018.
On the evening of 5 August 2023, a JR East Tokaido Line service struck a utility pole near Ofuna and lost power, resulting in a suspension of service.[16] Four people, including the driver, sustained minor injuries. Service was restored on the morning of 6 August 2023.
Basic data
[edit]- Total distance: 713.6 km (443.4 mi) (including branch lines; Tokyo – Kōbe is 589.5 km (366.3 mi))
- East Japan Railway Company (JR East) (Services and tracks)
- Tokyo – Atami: 104.6 km (65.0 mi)
- Shinagawa – Shin-Kawasaki – Tsurumi: 17.8 km (11.1 mi)
- Hamamatsuchō – Tokyo Freight Terminal – Kawasaki Freight Terminal – Hama-Kawasaki: 20.6 km (12.8 mi) (Tōkaidō Freight Line)
- Tsurumi – Hatchō-Nawate: 2.3 km (1.4 mi) (Tōkaidō Freight Line)
- Tsurumi – Higashi-Takashima – Sakuragichō: 8.5 km (5.3 mi) (Takashima Line)
- Tsurumi – Yokohama-Hazawa – Higashi-Totsuka: 16.0 km (9.9 mi) (Tōkaidō Freight Line)
- Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) (Services and tracks)
- Atami – Maibara: 341.3 km (212.1 mi) (3.3 km (2.1 mi) between Kanayama – Nagoya overlaps with Chuo Main Line)
- Ōgaki – Mino-Akasaka: 5.0 km (3.1 mi) (Mino-Akasaka branch line)
- Ōgaki – (Shin-Tarui) – Sekigahara: 13.8 km (8.6 mi) (Shin-Tarui Line)
- West Japan Railway Company (JR West) (Services and tracks)
- Maibara – Kōbe: 143.6 km (89.2 mi)
- Kyōto Freight Terminal – Tambaguchi: 3.3 km (2.1 mi) (not in use by passenger trains)
- Suita – (Miyahara Rail Yard) – Amagasaki: 10.7 km (6.6 mi) (Hoppō Freight Line)
- Suita – Umeda – Fukushima: 8.5 km (5.3 mi) (Umeda Freight Line, used by Haruka and Kuroshio limited expresses)
- Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight) (Tracks and services)
- Sannō Signal – Nagoya-Minato: 6.2 km (3.9 mi) (Nagoya-Minato Line)
- Suita Signal – Osaka Freight Terminal: 8.7 km (5.4 mi) (Osaka Terminal Line)
- Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight) (Services only)
- Shinagawa – Atami: 97.8 km (60.8 mi)
- Shinagawa – Shin-Tsurumi Signal: 13.9 km (8.6 mi)
- Tokyo Freight Terminal – Hama-Kawasaki: 12.9 km (8.0 mi)
- Tsurumi – Yokohama-Hazawa – Higashi-Totsuka: 16.0 km (9.9 mi)
- Tsurumi – Hatchō-Nawate: 2.3 km (1.4 mi)
- Tsurumi – Shinkō – Sakuragichō: 11.2 km (7.0 mi)
- Atami – Maibara: 341.3 km (212.1 mi)
- Minami-Arao Signal – Sekigahara: 10.7 km (6.6 mi)
- Minami-Arao Signal – Mino-Akasaka: 1.9 km (1.2 mi)
- Maibara – Kōbe: 139.0 km (86.4 mi) (via Hoppō Freight Line)
- Kyōto Freight Terminal – Tambaguchi: 3.3 km (2.1 mi)
- Suita – Umeda – Fukushima: 8.5 km (5.3 mi)
- East Japan Railway Company (JR East) (Services and tracks)
- Gauge: 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) Narrow gauge railway
- Stations:
- Passenger: 166 (does not include Shinagawa – Shin-Kawasaki – Tsurumi section or branches other than Mino-Akasaka branch line)
- JR East: 34
- JR Central: 82
- JR West: 50
- Freight only: 14
- Passenger: 166 (does not include Shinagawa – Shin-Kawasaki – Tsurumi section or branches other than Mino-Akasaka branch line)
- Tracks:
- Four or more
- Tokyo – Odawara: 83.9 km (52.1 mi)
- Nagoya – Inazawa: 11.1 km (6.9 mi)
- Kusatsu – Kōbe: 98.1 km (61.0 mi)
- Two
- Odawara – Nagoya
- Inazawa – Kusatsu
- Shinagawa – Shin-Kawasaki – Tsurumi
- Hamamatsuchō – Tokyo Freight Terminal – Kawasaki Freight Terminal – Hama-Kawasaki
- Tsurumi – Hatchō-Nawate
- Tsurumi – Higashi-Takashima
- Tsurumi – Yokohama-Hazawa – Higashi-Totsuka
- Suita – Umeda
- Suita – (Miyahara Rail Yard) – Amagasaki
- Single-track: All other sections
- Four or more
- Electrification: 1,500 V DC (except for Sannō Signal – Nagoya-Minato)
- Railway signalling: Automatic Train Control
- Maximum speed:
- Tokyo – Ōfuna, Odawara – Toyohashi: 110 km/h (68 mph)
- Ōfuna – Odawara, Toyohashi – Maibara: 120 km/h (75 mph)
- Minami-Arao Signal – Tarui – Sekigahara, Minami-Arao Signal – Mino-Akasaka: 85 km/h (53 mph)
- Maibara – Kōbe: 130 km/h (81 mph) (Special Rapid Shin-Kaisoku only, local trains max at 120 km/h or 75 mph)
Station list
[edit]JR East
[edit]The section between Tokyo and Atami is operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and it is located in the Greater Tokyo Area. It has local services (Japanese: 普通, romanized: Futsū) and a rapid service called Rapid Acty (Japanese: 快速アクティー, romanized: Kaisoku Akutī). It runs on dedicated tracks parallel to the Yamanote Line between Tokyo and Shinagawa, the Keihin–Tōhoku Line between Tokyo and Yokohama, and the Yokosuka Line between Yokohama and Ōfuna. Some Shōnan–Shinjuku Line trains share the segment south of Yokohama to Ōfuna and Odawara. Until 12 March 2021, there were also commuter rapid (Japanese: 通勤快速, romanized: Tsūkin Kaisoku) and Shōnan Liner (Japanese: 湘南ライナー, romanized: Shōnan Rainā) services.[17]
The Ueno–Tokyo Line, a JR East project, extended the services of the Utsunomiya Line, the Takasaki Line, and the Joban Line to Tokyo Station, allowing for through services to and from the Tōkaidō Line from March 2015.[18]
Almost all trains along this section of the line have bi-level "Green Cars" with forward-facing seats, with each set of trains having 2 of them. Green Cars can be used after paying an additional fee.
A new station between Ōfuna and Fujisawa is being planned to serve passengers near the former JR Freight Shōnan Freight Terminal. Construction is expected to start in early 2022. The new station is expected to open for service in 2032.[19]
Legend:
- ● : All trains stop
- | :All trains pass
- ▲ : Shōnan–Shinjuku Line trains use Yokosuka Line platforms
No. | Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Local, Rapid Rabbit & Urban |
Jōban Line through service | Shōnan–Shinjuku Line | Transfers | Location | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Between Stations |
Total | Rapid | Special Rapid | ||||||||
Through service from/to: | JU Ueno-Tokyo Line | JS Shōnan-Shinjuku Line (for JU Takasaki Line) | |||||||||
JU Utsunomiya & Takasaki Line |
JJ Jōban Line (Rapid) | ||||||||||
TYOJT01
|
Tokyo | 東京 | - | 0.0 | ● | ● | Tohoku Shinkansen Hokkaido Shinkansen |
Chiyoda | Tokyo | ||
SMBJT02
|
Shimbashi | 新橋 | 1.9 | 1.9 | ● | ● | JY Yamanote Line JK Keihin-Tōhoku Line JO Yokosuka Line G Tokyo Metro Ginza Line(G-08) A Toei Asakusa Line(A-10) Yurikamome |
Minato | |||
SGWJT03
|
Shinagawa | 品川 | 4.7 | 6.8 | ● | ● | JY Yamanote Line JK Keihin-Tōhoku Line JO Yokosuka Line Tōkaidō Shinkansen KK Keikyu Main Line | ||||
KWSJT04
|
Kawasaki | 川崎 | 11.4 | 18.2 | ● | JK Keihin-Tōhoku Line JN Nambu Line (Keikyu-Kawasaki) KK Keikyu Main Line and KK Keikyu Daishi Line |
Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki | Kanagawa | |||
YHMJT05
|
Yokohama | 横浜 | 10.6 | 28.8 | ● | ▲ | ▲ | JK Keihin-Tōhoku Line, Negishi Line JH Yokohama Line JS Shōnan-Shinjuku Line JO Yokosuka Line TY Tōkyū Tōyoko Line KK Keikyu Main Line Sotetsu Main Line Yokohama Municipal Subway Blue Line Minatomirai Line |
Nishi-ku, Yokohama | ||
TTKJT06
|
Totsuka | 戸塚 | 12.1 | 40.9 | ● | ▲ | ▲ | JS Shōnan-Shinjuku Line JO Yokosuka Line Yokohama Municipal Subway Blue Line |
Totsuka-ku, Yokohama | ||
OFNJT07
|
Ōfuna | 大船 | 5.6 | 46.5 | ● | ● | ● | JK Negishi Line JO Yokosuka Line Shonan Monorail JS Shōnan-Shinjuku Line |
Sakae-ku, Yokohama | ||
Kamakura | |||||||||||
JT08 | Fujisawa | 藤沢 | 4.6 | 51.1 | ● | ● | ● | Odakyū Enoshima Line Enoshima Electric Railway |
Fujisawa | ||
JT09 | Tsujidō | 辻堂 | 3.7 | 54.8 | ● | ● | | | ||||
JT10 | Chigasaki | 茅ヶ崎 | 3.8 | 58.6 | ● | ● | ● | ■ Sagami Line | Chigasaki | ||
JT11 | Hiratsuka | 平塚 | 5.2 | 63.8 | ● | ● | ● | Hiratsuka | |||
JT12 | Ōiso | 大磯 | 4.0 | 67.8 | ● | ● | | | Ōiso, Naka District | |||
JT13 | Ninomiya | 二宮 | 5.3 | 73.1 | ● | ● | | | Ninomiya, Naka District | |||
JT14 | Kōzu | 国府津 | 4.6 | 77.7 | ● | ● | ● | Gotemba Line | Odawara | ||
JT15 | Kamonomiya | 鴨宮 | 3.1 | 80.8 | ● | ● | | | ||||
JT16 | Odawara | 小田原 | 3.1 | 83.9 | ● | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen Odakyū Odawara Line Hakone Tozan Line Izu-Hakone Railway Daiyūzan Line | |||
JT17 | Hayakawa | 早川 | 2.1 | 86.0 | ● | ||||||
JT18 | Nebukawa | 根府川 | 4.4 | 90.4 | ● | ||||||
JT19 | Manazuru | 真鶴 | 5.4 | 95.8 | ● | Manazuru, Ashigarashimo District | |||||
JT20 | Yugawara | 湯河原 | 3.3 | 99.1 | ● | Yugawara, Ashigarashimo District | |||||
JT21 | Atami | 熱海 | 5.5 | 104.6 | ● | JT Itō Line (Some through trains for Ito) Tōkaidō Shinkansen |
Atami | Shizuoka | |||
Local: Some operate through service from/to Numazu or Ito |
- Some trains run through services beyond Atami, as far as Numazu.
- With the Ueno–Tokyo Line, Utsunomiya Line Rapid Rabbit and Takasaki Line Rapid Urban services now run along the Tokaido Line, and stop at all stations on this line. As such, the two services are classified as 'Local' service trains within the Tokaido Line.
- Tokaido Line Rapid Acty services operate only evening services from Tokyo to Odawara. Rapid Acty services will be discontinued effective the timetable revision on 18 March 2023 after 34 years of operation.[20]
- Shōnan Limited Express services are special, all-reserved commuter express trains with comfortable seating. They operate from Odawara to Tokyo on weekday mornings, with a few services terminating in Shinagawa. Return services run from Tokyo to Odawara on weekday evenings. Like commuter rapid trains, Shōnan Liner services normally make no stops between Shinagawa and Fujisawa. Between Fujisawa and Odawara, varying stops are made. In addition to the standard fare, a reserved seat fee of ¥500 is required to use the Shōnan Liner.
- Keihin-Tōhoku Line stations between Tokyo and Yokohama officially are a part of the Tōkaidō Main Line. These stations are: Yūrakuchō, Hamamatsuchō, Tamachi, Takanawa Gateway, Ōimachi, Ōmori, Kamata, Tsurumi, Shin-Koyasu, and Higashi-Kanagawa.
- Yokosuka Line stations between Tokyo and Ōfuna officially are a part of the Tōkaidō Main Line. These stations are: Nishi-Ōi, Musashi-Kosugi, Shin-Kawasaki, Hodogaya, and Higashi-Totsuka. The route of the Yokosuka Line between Shinagawa and Tsurumi is separate from the main line and is referred to as the Hinkaku Line, on which Nishi-Ōi, Musashi-Kosugi, and Shin-Kawasaki stations are located.
- The Shōnan–Shinjuku Line operates through services to the Tōkaidō Main Line. Trains operate from the Takasaki Line to Ōsaki and enter the Yokosuka Line at Nishi-Ōi to Totsuka then switches tracks to the Tōkaidō Main Line towards Odawara, and vice versa. Rapid Service stop at all stations on the Tōkaidō Main Line (Totsuka - Odawara), while Special Rapid Service operate the same pattern as a Rapid Acty Service.
JR Central
[edit]The point between JR East and JR Central operation is divided at Atami Station. The section of the line between Atami and Maibara is operated by JR Central, and covers the Tōkai region: Shizuoka Prefecture, Aichi Prefecture, and Gifu Prefecture. Some services from Odawara on the JR East section continues to travel on this section until Numazu Station.
Shizuoka Block
[edit]No. | Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Rapid Services | Home Liner | Transfers | Location | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Between Stations |
Total (From Tokyo) |
Semi Rapid |
Rapid | New Rapid |
Special Rapid | |||||||
CA00 | Atami | 熱海 | 104.6 | Tōkaidō Shinkansen JT Itō Line |
Atami | Shizuoka | ||||||
CA01 | Kannami | 函南 | 9.9 | 114.5 | Kannami, Tagata District | |||||||
CA02 | Mishima | 三島 | 6.2 | 120.7 | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen ■ Izuhakone Railway Sunzu Line (some morning/evening through services) |
Mishima | |||||
CA03 | Numazu | 沼津 | 5.5 | 126.2 | ● | ● | Gotemba Line | Numazu | ||||
CA04 | Katahama | 片浜 | 4.1 | 130.3 | ● | | | ||||||
CA05 | Hara | 原 | 2.5 | 132.8 | ● | | | ||||||
CA06 | Higashi-Tagonoura | 東田子の浦 | 4.6 | 137.4 | ● | | | Fuji | |||||
CA07 | Yoshiwara | 吉原 | 3.9 | 141.3 | ● | | | ■ Gakunan Railway Line | |||||
CA08 | Fuji | 富士 | 4.9 | 146.2 | ● | ● | Minobu Line | |||||
CA09 | Fujikawa | 富士川 | 3.5 | 149.7 | | | | | ||||||
CA10 | Shin-Kambara | 新蒲原 | 2.8 | 152.5 | | | | | Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka | |||||
CA11 | Kambara | 蒲原 | 2.4 | 154.9 | | | | | ||||||
CA12 | Yui | 由比 | 3.5 | 158.4 | | | | | ||||||
CA13 | Okitsu | 興津 | 5.9 | 164.3 | | | | | ||||||
CA14 | Shimizu | 清水 | 4.7 | 169.0 | ● | ● | ||||||
CA15 | Kusanagi | 草薙 | 5.2 | 174.2 | | | | | Shizuoka Railway Shizuoka-Shimizu Line | |||||
CA16 | Higashi-Shizuoka | 東静岡 | 3.5 | 177.7 | | | | | Aoi-ku, Shizuoka | |||||
CA17 | Shizuoka | 静岡 | 2.5 | 180.2 | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen Shizuoka Railway Shizuoka-Shimizu Line (Shin-Shizuoka) | |||||
CA18 | Abekawa | 安倍川 | 4.3 | 184.5 | | | Suruga-ku, Shizuoka | ||||||
CA19 | Mochimune | 用宗 | 2.1 | 186.6 | | | |||||||
CA20 | Yaizu | 焼津 | 7.1 | 193.7 | | | Yaizu | ||||||
CA21 | Nishi-Yaizu | 西焼津 | 3.3 | 197.0 | | | |||||||
CA22 | Fujieda | 藤枝 | 3.3 | 200.3 | ● | Fujieda | ||||||
CA23 | Rokugō | 六合 | 4.6 | 204.9 | | | Shimada | ||||||
CA24 | Shimada | 島田 | 2.9 | 207.8 | ● | |||||||
CA25 | Kanaya | 金谷 | 5.1 | 212.9 | | | Oigawa Railway Oigawa Main Line | ||||||
CA26 | Kikugawa | 菊川 | 9.3 | 222.2 | ● | Kikugawa | ||||||
CA27 | Kakegawa | 掛川 | 7.1 | 229.3 | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen Tenryū Hamanako Railroad |
Kakegawa | |||||
CA28 | Aino | 愛野 | 5.3 | 234.6 | | | Fukuroi | ||||||
CA29 | Fukuroi | 袋井 | 3.5 | 238.1 | ● | |||||||
CA30 | Mikuriya | 御厨 | 4.6 | 242.7 | | | Iwata | ||||||
CA31 | Iwata | 磐田 | 3.2 | 245.9 | ● | |||||||
CA32 | Toyodachō | 豊田町 | 2.9 | 248.8 | | | |||||||
CA33 | Tenryūgawa | 天竜川 | 3.9 | 252.7 | | | Chūō-ku, Hamamatsu | ||||||
CA34 | Hamamatsu | 浜松 | 4.4 | 257.1 | ● | ● | ● | Tokaido Shinkansen Enshū Railway Line (Shin-Hamamatsu) | ||||
CA35 | Takatsuka | 高塚 | 5.3 | 262.4 | ● | ● | ||||||
CA36 | Maisaka | 舞阪 | 5.1 | 267.5 | ● | ● | ||||||
CA37 | Bentenjima | 弁天島 | 2.3 | 269.8 | ● | ● | ||||||
CA38 | Araimachi | 新居町 | 3.1 | 272.9 | ● | ● | Kosai | |||||
CA39 | Washizu | 鷲津 | 3.7 | 276.6 | ● | ● | ||||||
CA40 | Shinjohara | 新所原 | 5.8 | 282.4 | ● | ● | Tenryū Hamanako Railroad | |||||
CA41 | Futagawa | 二川 | 4.3 | 286.7 | ● | ● | Toyohashi | Aichi | ||||
CA42 | Toyohashi | 豊橋 | 6.9 | 293.6 | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen Iida Line NH Meitetsu Nagoya Main Line Toyohashi Railroad Atsumi Line (Shin-Toyohashi), Toyohashi Railroad Azumada Main Line (Ekimae) |
Nagoya Block Main Line
[edit]No. | Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Rapid Services | Home Liner | Transfers | Location | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Between Stations |
Total (From Tokyo) |
Semi Rapid |
Rapid | New Rapid |
Special Rapid | |||||||
CA42 | Toyohashi | 豊橋 | 6.9 | 293.6 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen Iida Line NH Meitetsu Nagoya Main Line Toyohashi Railroad Atsumi Line (Shin-Toyohashi), Toyohashi Railroad Azumada Main Line (Ekimae) |
Toyohashi | Aichi |
CA43 | Nishi-Kozakai | 西小坂井 | 4.8 | 298.4 | ● | | | | | | | | | Toyokawa | ||
CA44 | Aichi-Mito | 愛知御津 | 3.7 | 302.1 | ● | | | | | | | | | |||
CA45 | Mikawa-Ōtsuka | 三河大塚 | 3.1 | 305.2 | ● | | | | | | | | | Gamagori | ||
CA46 | Mikawa-Miya | 三河三谷 | 3.1 | 308.3 | ● | ▲ | ▲ | | | | | |||
CA47 | Gamagōri | 蒲郡 | 2.3 | 310.6 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | GN Meitetsu Gamagōri Line | ||
CA48 | Mikawa-Shiotsu | 三河塩津 | 2.3 | 312.9 | ● | | | | | | | | | GN Meitetsu Gamagōri Line (Gamagōri-Kyōteijō-Mae) | ||
CA49 | Sangane | 三ヶ根 | 2.6 | 315.5 | ● | | | | | | | | | Kōta, Nukata District | ||
CA50 | Kōda | 幸田 | 3.0 | 318.5 | ● | ▲ | ▲ | | | | | |||
CA51 | Aimi | 相見 | 3.1 | 321.6 | ● | | | | | | | | | |||
CA52 | Okazaki | 岡崎 | 7.4 | 325.9 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ■ Aichi Loop Line | Okazaki | |
CA53 | Nishi-Okazaki | 西岡崎 | 4.2 | 330.1 | | | | | | | | | | | |||
CA54 | Anjō | 安城 | 3.6 | 333.7 | ● | ● | | | | | | | Anjō | ||
CA55 | Mikawa-Anjō | 三河安城 | 2.6 | 336.3 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen | ||
CA56 | Higashi-Kariya | 東刈谷 | 1.8 | 338.1 | | | | | | | | | | | Kariya | ||
CA57 | Noda-Shinmachi | 野田新町 | 1.6 | 339.7 | | | | | | | | | | | |||
CA58 | Kariya | 刈谷 | 1.9 | 341.6 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | MU Meitetsu Mikawa Line | ||
CA59 | Aizuma | 逢妻 | 1.9 | 343.5 | | | | | | | | | | | |||
CA60 | Ōbu | 大府 | 3.0 | 346.5 | ● | ● | ● | | | ● | Taketoyo Line | Ōbu | |
CA61 | Kyōwa | 共和 | 3.0 | 349.5 | ● | ● | | | | | | | |||
CA62 | Minami-Ōdaka | 南大高 | 2.3 | 351.8 | | | | | | | | | | | Midori-ku, Nagoya | ||
CA63 | Ōdaka | 大高 | 1.8 | 353.6 | | | | | | | | | | | |||
CA64 | Kasadera | 笠寺 | 3.2 | 356.8 | | | | | | | | | | | Minami-ku, Nagoya | ||
CA65 | Atsuta | 熱田 | 4.0 | 360.8 | | | | | | | | | | | Atsuta-ku, Nagoya | ||
CA66 | Kanayama | 金山 | 1.9 | 362.7 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Chūō Main Line NH Meitetsu Nagoya Main Line Nagoya Municipal Subway: Meijō Line (M01) Meikō Line (E01) |
Naka-ku, Nagoya | |
CA67 | Otōbashi | 尾頭橋 | 0.9 | 363.6 | | | | | | | | | | | Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya | ||
CA68 | Nagoya | 名古屋 | 2.4 | 366.0 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen Kansai Main Line Chūō Main Line E Kintetsu Nagoya Line (Kintetsu-Nagoya) NH Meitetsu Nagoya Main Line (Meitetsu-Nagoya) Nagoya Municipal Subway: Higashiyama Line (H08) Sakura-dōri Line (S02) AN Aonami Line (AN01) |
Nakamura-ku, Nagoya | |
CA69 | Biwajima | 枇杷島 | 4.0 | 370.0 | | | | | | | | | | | ■ Tōkai Transport Service Jōhoku Line | Kiyosu | |
CA70 | Kiyosu | 清洲 | 3.8 | 373.8 | | | | | | | | | | | Inazawa | ||
CA71 | Inazawa | 稲沢 | 3.3 | 377.1 | | | | | | | | | | | |||
CA72 | Owari-Ichinomiya | 尾張一宮 | 6.0 | 383.1 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | NH Meitetsu Nagoya Main Line, BS Meitetsu Bisai Line (Meitetsu-Ichinomiya) | Ichinomiya | |
CA73 | Kisogawa | 木曽川 | 3.5 | 388.6 | | | | | | | | | | | |||
CA74 | Gifu | 岐阜 | 7.7 | 396.3 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Takayama Main Line NH Meitetsu Nagoya Main Line, KG Meitetsu Kagamihara Line (Meitetsu Gifu) |
Gifu | Gifu |
CA75 | Nishi-Gifu | 西岐阜 | 3.2 | 399.5 | ● | ● | ● | ● | | | |||
CA76 | Hozumi | 穂積 | 1.0 | 400.5 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Mizuho | ||
CA77 | Ōgaki | 大垣 | 9.5 | 410.0 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Main Line (Mino-Akasaka, Shin-Tarui branch lines) ■ Yōrō Railway Yōrō Line ■ Tarumi Railway Tarumi Line |
Ōgaki | |
CA78 | Tarui | 垂井 | 8.1 | 418.1 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Tarui, Fuwa District | ||
CA79 | Sekigahara | 関ヶ原 | 5.7 | 423.8 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Main Line (Shin-Tarui branch line) | Sekigahara, Fuwa District | |
CA80 | Kashiwabara | 柏原 | 7.1 | 430.9 | ● | ● | ● | ● | Maibara | Shiga | ||
CA81 | Ōmi-Nagaoka | 近江長岡 | 4.3 | 435.2 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
CA82 | Samegai | 醒ヶ井 | 4.6 | 439.8 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
CA83 | Maibara * | 米原 | 6.1 | 445.9 | ● | ● | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen Hokuriku Main Line Biwako Line (Tōkaidō Main Line) ■ Ohmi Railway Main Line |
Maibara is shared by JR Central and JR West; JR West manages the station
Before March 2016, JR West operated trains from Maibara as far as Ogaki on JR Central territory. After the two companies realized this invasion, on 25 March 2016, all JR West departures were changed to JR Central trains to Maibara station.
Branch lines
[edit]Both the Mino-Akasaka and Tarui branch lines separate from the Main Line at Minami-Arao Junction , located 3.1 km west of Ōgaki Station.
Mino-Akasaka Branch Line
[edit]Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Transfers | Location | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Between Stations |
Total (from Ōgaki) | |||||
Ōgaki | 大垣 | - | 0.0 | Tōkaidō Main Line | Ōgaki | Gifu |
Arao | 荒尾 | 3.4 | 3.4 | |||
Mino-Akasaka | 美濃赤坂 | 1.6 | 5.0 |
Tarui Branch Line
[edit]Between Ōgaki and Sekigahara, there is a 25 per mil grade. In 1944, a single track bypass (in brown on the diagram) was built to avoid this steep slope of the main line. The old section, informally referred to as the "Shin-Tarui Line", remains largely unused, and Shin-Tarui Station was closed in 1986. Today, the only rail vehicles that travel on this section of track are freight trains and westbound express trains (the Shirasagi, Hida #36, and Sunrise Seto/Izumo services).
Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Transfers | Location | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Between Stations |
Total (from Ōgaki) | |||||
Ōgaki | 大垣 | - | 0.0 | Tōkaidō Main Line | Ōgaki | Gifu |
Tarui | 垂井 | 8.1 | 8.1 | Tarui, Fuwa District | ||
Sekigahara | 関ヶ原 | 5.7 | 13.8 | JR Central: Tōkaidō Main Line | Sekigahara |
JR West
[edit]The western part of the Tōkaidō Main Line from Maibara to Kōbe is operated by JR West and forms the main trunk of the company's Urban Network in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area. Although the line is divided into three segments, known as the Biwako Line, JR Kyoto Line, and JR Kobe Line, they are part of a single contiguous network, with many services traversing multiple sections. The Biwako Line includes a segment of the Hokuriku Main Line. Some services on the Kosei, JR Takarazuka and Gakkentoshi lines run through onto the Tōkaidō Main Line.
Biwako Line
[edit]The section between Maibara and Kyoto is known as the Biwako Line.
- ●: Trains stop.
- ○: Limited stop, early morning and late night only
- |: Trains pass.
- Local (4-door Commuter trains): JR Kyoto Line local trains
- Local (3-door Suburban trains): Operate as Rapid service trains west of Takatsuki (west of Kyoto in the morning)
Official line name | No. | Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Stop | Transfers | Location | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Between Stations | Total
(from Tokyo) |
Local (Commuter) |
Local (Suburban) |
Special Rapid | Ward, City | Prefecture | |||||
Through service from/to Hokuriku Main Line | |||||||||||
Tōkaidō Main Line | A12 | Maibara | 米原 | - | 445.9 | ● | ● | Hokuriku Main Line for Ōmi-Shiotsu and Tsuruga
|
Maibara | Shiga | |
A13 | Hikone | 彦根 | 6.0 | 451.9 | ● | ● | ■ Ohmi Railway Main Line | Hikone | |||
A14 | Minami-Hikone | 南彦根 | 3.3 | 455.2 | ● | | | |||||
A15 | Kawase | 河瀬 | 3.1 | 458.3 | ● | | | |||||
A16 | Inae | 稲枝 | 3.7 | 462.0 | ● | | | |||||
A17 | Notogawa | 能登川 | 3.7 | 465.7 | ● | ● | Higashiōmi | ||||
A18 | Azuchi | 安土 | 5.1 | 470.8 | ● | | | Ōmihachiman | ||||
A19 | Ōmi-Hachiman | 近江八幡 | 3.5 | 474.3 | ● | ● | ■ Ohmi Railway Yōkaichi Line | ||||
A20 | Shinohara | 篠原 | 4.0 | 478.3 | ● | | | |||||
A21 | Yasu | 野洲 | 5.6 | 483.9 | ○ | ● | ● | Yasu | |||
A22 | Moriyama | 守山 | 3.1 | 487.0 | ○ | ● | ● | Moriyama | |||
A23 | Rittō | 栗東 | 2.1 | 489.1 | ○ | ● | | | Rittō | |||
A24 | Kusatsu | 草津 | 2.3 | 491.4 | ● | ● | ● | Kusatsu Line | Kusatsu | ||
A25 | Minami-Kusatsu | 南草津 | 2.5 | 493.9 | ● | ● | ● | ||||
A26 | Seta | 瀬田 | 2.7 | 496.6 | ● | ● | | | Ōtsu | |||
A27 | Ishiyama | 石山 | 2.5 | 499.1 | ● | ● | ● | Keihan Ishiyama Sakamoto Line (OT03: Keihan Ishiyama Station) | |||
A28 | Zeze | 膳所 | 2.8 | 501.9 | ● | ● | | | Keihan Ishiyama Sakamoto Line (OT09: Keihan Zeze Station) | |||
A29 | Ōtsu | 大津 | 1.7 | 503.6 | ● | ● | ● | ||||
A30 | Yamashina | 山科 | 4.5 | 508.1 | ● | ● | ● | Kosei Line (JR-B30) Kyoto Municipal Subway Tōzai Line (T07) Keihan Keishin Line (OT31: Keihan Yamashina Station) |
Yamashina-ku, Kyoto | Kyoto | |
A31 | Kyoto | 京都 | 5.5 | 513.6 | ● | ● | ● | Tōkaidō Shinkansen JR Kyoto Line Nara Line (JR-D01) Sagano Line (Sanin Main Line) (JR-E01) Kintetsu Kyoto Line (B01) Kyoto Municipal Subway Karasuma Line (K11) |
Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto | ||
Through service from/to JR Kyoto Line | |||||||||||
Within JR Kyoto Line: | Local
(Northbound only) |
Rapid | Special Rapid |
JR Kyoto Line
[edit]The section between Kyoto and Osaka is known as the JR Kyoto Line. Trains from the Biwako and Kosei lines travel through onto the JR Kyoto Line and continue west towards the JR Kobe Line at Osaka.
Legend:
- ● : All trains stop
- | : All trains pass
- ▲ : Trains only after morning rush stop
Local trains stop at all stations. Rapid trains in the morning skip some stops between Kyoto and Takatsuki.
JR Kobe Line
[edit]The westernmost section between Osaka and Kōbe is part of the JR Kobe Line, which continues west to Himeji on the San'yō Main Line. Although Kōbe is the official terminus of the Tōkaidō Main Line, most trains continue to Nishi-Akashi, Himeji and beyond.
●: Trains stop at all times
|: Trains pass at all times
▲: Eastbound trains pass in the morning
○:Trains stop at morning
of Weekdays only
Official line name | No. | Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Stop | Transfers | Location | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Between stations | from Osaka | Local | Rapid | Special Rapid | Ward, City | Prefecture | |||||
Through service to/from the JR Kyoto Line | |||||||||||
Tokaido Main Line | A47 | Osaka | 大阪 | - | 0.0 | ● | ● | ● | JR Kyoto Line (Tokaido Main Line) JR Takarazuka Line (JR-G47) Osaka Loop Line (JR-O11) Osaka Higashi Line (JR-F01) JR Tōzai Line (JR-H44:Kitashinchi Station) Hankyu Kobe Main Line, Hankyu Takarazuka Main Line, Hankyu Kyoto Main Line (HK-01:Osaka-umeda Station) Hanshin Main Line (HS 01:Osaka-Umeda Station) Osaka Metro:
|
Kita-ku, Osaka | Osaka |
A48 | Tsukamoto | 塚本 | 3.4 | 3.4 | ● | | | | | Yodogawa-ku, Osaka | |||
A49 | Amagasaki | 尼崎 | 4.3 | 7.7 | ● | ● | ● | JR Takarazuka Line (Fukuchiyama Line) (JR-G49) JR Tōzai Line (JR-H49) |
Amagasaki | Hyōgo | |
A50 | Tachibana | 立花 | 3.0 | 10.7 | ● | | | | | ||||
A51 | Kōshienguchi | 甲子園口 | 2.2 | 12.9 | ● | | | | | Nishinomiya | |||
A52 | Nishinomiya | 西宮 | 2.5 | 15.4 | ● | ● | | | ||||
A53 | Sakura Shukugawa | さくら夙川 | 1.5 | 16.9 | ● | | | | | ||||
A54 | Ashiya | 芦屋 | 2.3 | 19.2 | ● | ● | ○ | Ashiya | |||
A55 | Kōnan-Yamate | 甲南山手 | 1.4 | 20.6 | ● | | | | | Higashinada-ku, Kobe | |||
A56 | Settsu-Motoyama | 摂津本山 | 1.5 | 22.1 | ● | | | | | ||||
A57 | Sumiyoshi | 住吉 | 1.6 | 23.6 | ● | ● | ● | Kobe New Transit Rokko Island Line (R01) | |||
A58 | Rokkōmichi | 六甲道 | 2.2 | 25.9 | ● | ● | | | Nada-ku, Kobe | |||
A59 | Maya | 摩耶 | 1.4 | 27.3 | ● | | | | | ||||
A60 | Nada | 灘 | 0.9 | 28.2 | ● | | | | | ||||
A61 | Sannomiya | 三ノ宮 | 2.4 | 30.6 | ● | ● | ● | Hankyu Kobe Line, Kobe Kosoku Line (HK-16: Kobe Sannomiya Station) Hanshin Main Line (HS 32: Kobe Sannomiya Station) Kobe New Transit Port Island Line (P01) Kobe Municipal Subway Seishin-Yamate Line (S03: Sannomiya Station) Kobe Municipal Subway Kaigan Line (K01: Sannomiya-Hanadokeimae Station) |
Chuo-ku, Kobe | ||
A62 | Motomachi | 元町 | 0.8 | 31.4 | ● | ● | | | Hanshin Main Line, Kobe Kosoku Line (HS 33) | |||
A63 | Kobe | 神戸 | 1.7 | 33.1 | ● | ● | ● | Hanshin Kobe Kosoku Line, Hankyu Kobe Kosoku Line (HS 35: Kōsoku Kōbe Station) Kobe Municipal Subway Kaigan Line (K04: Harborland Station) | |||
Through service to/from the Sanyo Main Line and the Ako Line |
Former connecting lines
[edit]Kanagawa Prefecture
[edit]- Ninomiya Station: The Shonan Horse-drawn Tramway opened a 10 km (6.2 mi) line to Hatano in 1906 to haul tobacco. Steam locomotion was introduced in 1913. Passenger services ceased in 1933, and the line closed in 1935.[citation needed]
- Odawara Station: The Japan Tobacco and Salt Public Corporation operated an approximately 1 km line to its factory, electrified at 1,500 V DC, between 1950 and 1984. The line was also serviced by the adjoining Odakyu Odawara Line from its Ashigara station.[citation needed]
Shizuoka Prefecture
[edit]- Atami Station: In 1895, a 10 km (6.2 mi) 610 mm (2 ft) gauge handcar line opened to Yoshihama, and was extended 4 km (2.5 mi) to Odawara the following year. In 1907, the line was converted to 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge and steam locomotives were introduced. The line closed in 1923 as a result of the Great Kanto earthquake.[citation needed]
- Numazu Station: The Sunzu Electric Railway opened a 7 km (4.3 mi) line to Mishima-Tamachi on the Izuhakone Railway Sunzu Line in 1906. In 1915, the line was truncated 1 km to connect at Mishima-Hirokoji, and the line was electrified at 600 V DC in 1919. The line closed in 1961 following the destruction of the Kisegawa bridge during a flood.[citation needed]
- Yoshiwara Station: The Fuji Horse Tramway (富士馬車鉄道, Fuji Basha Tetsudō) opened a 610 mm (2 ft) gauge line to Ōmiya (presentday Fujinomiya) in 1890. The Fuji Minobu Railway (富士身延鉄道, Fuji Minobu Tetsudō) purchased the tramway in 1912, converted it to a 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge steam railway the following year and gradually extended it (eventually becoming the Minobu Line). In 1924, the company built a new alignment which connected to Fuji station on the Tokaido main line, at which time the original section from Omiya to Yoshiwara closed.[citation needed]
- Shimizu Station: Shimizukō Line from 1916 to 1984.
- Shizuoka Station:
- The Abe Railway opened a 9 km (5.6 mi) 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge line from Inomiya (approximately 2 km from Shizuoka) to Ushizuma in 1914 to haul timber. Plans to extend the line to Shizuoka did not eventuate and the line closed in 1934.[citation needed]
- The Shizuoka Electric Railway opened a 2 km (1.2 mi) line to Anzai, connecting to its Shimizu Line, electrified at 600 V DC, between 1922 and 1926. The line closed in 1962.[citation needed]
- Yaizu Station: A 5 km (3.1 mi) 610 mm (2 ft) handcar line operated to Fujieda between 1891 and 1900.[citation needed]
- Fujieda Station: The Tōsō Railway opened a 4 km (2.5 mi) 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge line to Ote in 1913, and by 1926 had extended the line progressively in both directions for a length of 38 km (24 mi) from Jitogata to Suruga-Okabe, although in 1936 the 5 km (3.1 mi) section from Suruga-Okabe to Ote was closed. In 1943, the company merged with the Shizuoka Railway (see Fujiroi Station below), and in 1948, a 7 km (4.3 mi) line between Mitsumata and Jitogata opened, linking the two sections. This section of the combined line closed between 1964 and 1970.[citation needed]
- Shimada Station: The Fuji Prefectural Government opened a 3 km (1.9 mi) 610 mm (2 ft) gauge handcar line in 1898 to haul timber. In 1944, following the destruction of the nearby Tokaido Line bridge over the Oigawa, it was proposed to use the alignment of this line as a replacement, including a 930 m (3,050 ft) wooden bridge over the river. The bridge was about 25% completed when the end of the war resulted in the termination of the proposal. A diesel locomotive was introduced in 1955 to haul construction material for the construction of the adjacent national highway, and the line closed in 1959.[citation needed]
- Kikukawa Station: The Joto horse-drawn tramway opened a 15 km (9.3 mi) 2 ft (610 mm) gauge line to Ikeshinden in 1899. In 1923, the line was converted to 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge, and a single-cylinder diesel locomotive introduced. The line closed in 1935.[citation needed]
- Fukuroi Station:
- The Akiba horse-drawn tramway opened a 12 km (7.5 mi) 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge line to Enshumori-Cho in 1902. In 1926, the company renamed itself the Shizuoka Electric Railway, converted the line to 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge and electrified it at 600 V DC. The line closed in 1962.[citation needed]
- The Shizuoka Railway opened a 10 km (6.2 mi) 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge line to Yokosuka in 1914, extending it 7 km (4.3 mi) to Mitsumata in 1927. The company merged with the Fuji-sho Railway in 1943 (see Fujieda Station above), and in 1948, a 7 km (4.3 mi) line between Mitsumata and Jitogata opened, linking the two sections. This section of the combined line closed between 1964 and 1967.[citation needed]
- Hamamatsu Station: The Dainippon Railway opened a 7 km (4.3 mi), 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge line to Kuniyoshi in 1909. In 1919, the line was acquired by the Enshu Railway Line, which closed the first 1 km (0.62 mi) of the line in 1925, so the new connecting station became Enshu-Magome. The line closed in 1937 while the section to Enshu-Magome would close in 1985.[citation needed]
Aichi Prefecture
[edit]- Okazaki Station:
- The Nishio Railway opened a 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge line to Nishio in 1911, and extended it to Kira-Yoshida on the Meitetsu Gamagōri Line between 1915 and 1916. In 1926, the company merged with the Aichi Electric Railway, which between 1928 and 1929 converted the line to 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge, electrified it at 600 V DC, and connected it to the line from Shin-Anjō on the Meitetsu Nagoya Main Line at Nishioguchi. The line to Nishio closed in 1962.[citation needed]
- A 6 km (3.7 mi) tram line connected to the Meitetsu Koromo line at Okazaki-Ida Station, which between 1929 and 1962 connected to the Meitetsu Mikawa Line at Uwagoromo, the tramway also closing in 1962.[citation needed]
- Owari-Ichinomiya Station: The 6 km (3.7 mi) Meitetsu line to Okoshi, electrified at 600 V DC, opened in 1924. When the voltage on the Meitetsu main line was increased to 1,500 V DC in 1952, services were suspended on this line. The substitute bus service proved so popular the line was closed rather than upgraded.[citation needed]
Gifu Prefecture
[edit]- Ogaki Station: The Seino Railway opened a 3 km (1.9 mi) line from Mino-Akasaka to Ichihashi in 1928, and operated a passenger service from 1930 to 1945.[citation needed]
- Arao Station (on the Mino Akasaka branch): A 2 km (1.2 mi) freight-only line to the Mino Okubo limestone quarry operated between 1928 and 1990.[citation needed]
Hyōgo Prefecture
[edit]- Nishinomiya Station: A 2 km (1.2 mi) freight-only line was opened in 1944 to connect to Mukogawa Station on the Hanshin Main Line. As the former was 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge, and the latter 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) gauge, some tracks at Mukogawa were dual gauge. Service on the line ceased in 1958, but it was not formally closed until 1970.[citation needed]
- Rokkomichi Station: A 6 km (3.7 mi) line to Kobe Port opened in 1907, electrified at 1,500 V DC. Passenger services ceased in 1974, and the line closed in 2003.[citation needed]
Limited express services
[edit]In addition to standard local, rapid, and special rapid service trains, the Tōkaidō Main Line also hosts a number of limited express services.
Daytime trains
[edit]- Biwako Express: Maibara – Osaka
- Fujikawa: Shizuoka – Fuji – (Minobu Line) – Kōfu
- Haruka: Yasu - Kyoto – Shin-Osaka – (Osaka Loop Line) – Tennōji – (Hanwa Line) – Hineno – (Kansai Airport Line) – Kansai International Airport
- Hida: Nagoya / Osaka – Gifu – (Takayama Main Line) – Toyama
- Odoriko: Tokyo – Atami – (Itō Line) – Itō – (Izu Kyūkō) – Shimoda; Tokyo – Mishima – (Izuhakone Railway Sunzu Line) – Shuzenji
- Thunderbird: Osaka – Kyoto – (Kosei Line) – Tsuruga
- Saphir Odoriko: Tokyo – Atami – (Itō Line) – Itō – (Izu Kyūkō) – Izukyu-Shimoda
- Shirasagi: Nagoya – Maibara – (Hokuriku Main Line) – Tsuruga
- Shōnan: Tokyo – Odawara
Overnight trains
[edit]Overnight trains on the Tōkaidō Line go from Tokyo to western Honshū and Shikoku.
- Sunrise Izumo (Tokyo – Izumo via Okayama) (Operates daily)
- Sunrise Seto (Tokyo – Takamatsu) (Operates daily)
Discontinued trains
[edit]- Overnight limited express Sakura (Tokyo – Nagasaki (discontinued March 2005), Tokyo – Sasebo (discontinued 1999))
- Overnight limited express Izumo (Tokyo – Izumo via Tottori), discontinued March 2006
- Limited express Wide View Tōkai (Tokyo – Shizuoka), discontinued March 2007
- Overnight express Ginga (Tokyo – Osaka), discontinued March 2008
- Overnight limited express Fuji (Tokyo – Ōita), discontinued March 2009
- Overnight limited express Hayabusa (Tokyo – Kumamoto), discontinued March 2009
- Overnight limited express Sunrise Yume (Tokyo – Hiroshima), discontinued March 2009
- Moonlight Nagara (Tokyo – Ōgaki) (Operates seasonally - rapid service with reserved seats), discontinued March 2020
- Super View Odoriko, Resort Odoriko, Fleur Odoriko (Tokyo – Izukyu-Shimoda), discontinued March 2020
Rolling stock for local and rapid services
[edit]JR East
[edit]- E231-1000 series (Tokyo – Atami – Numazu, through services onto the Itō Line)
- E233-3000 series (Tokyo – Atami – Numazu, through services onto the Itō Line)
- E257-2000/2500 series (Odoriko, Shōnan: Ikebukuro/Tokyo – Atami, through service onto the Itō Line)
- E261 series (Saphir Odoriko: Shinjuku/Tokyo – Atami, through service onto the Itō Line)
JR Central
[edit]- 211-5000 series (Atami – Toyohashi, through services onto the Gotemba Line)
- 211-6000 series (Atami – Toyohashi, through services onto the Gotemba Line, through services onto the Minobu Line)
- 311 series (Shizuoka – Kakegawa – Hamamatsu – Toyohashi – Gifu)
- 313-0 series (Hamamatsu – Toyohashi – Gifu – Ōgaki)
- 313-300 series (Hamamatsu – Toyohashi – Gifu – Ōgaki, Ōgaki – Mino-Akasaka)
- 313-2300 series (Atami – Toyohashi, through services onto the Gotemba Line, through services onto the Minobu Line)
- 313-2500 series (Atami – Toyohashi, through services onto the Gotemba Line, through services onto the Minobu Line)
- 313-2600 series (Atami – Toyohashi, through services onto the Gotemba Line, through services onto the Minobu Line)
- 313-3000 series (through services onto the Gotemba Line, through services onto the Minobu Line)
- 313-3100 series (through services onto the Gotemba Line, through services onto the Minobu Line)
- 313-5000 series (Hamamatsu – Toyohashi – Gifu – Ōgaki – Maibara)
- 373 series (Atami – Shizuoka, Hamamatsu – Toyohashi, Ōgaki – Maibara)
- HC85 series (Nagoya / Osaka – Gifu, through service on the Takayama Main Line)
JR West
[edit]- 681 series (Nagoya – Ōgaki – Sekigahara)
- 683-8000 series (Nagoya – Ōgaki – Sekigahara)
- 271 series (Yasu – Shin-Osaka)
- 281 series (Yasu – Shin-Osaka)
- 207 series (Kusatsu – Kobe)
- 321 series (Kusatsu – Kobe)
- 221 series (Maibara – Kobe)
- 223 series (Maibara – Kobe)
- 225 series (Maibara – Kobe)
Former rolling stock
[edit]- KiHa 75 (through services onto the Taketoyo Line, 1999 - March 2015)
- KiHa 85 series (Nagoya / Osaka – Gifu, through service on the Takayama Main Line, 1989 – 9 July 2023)
- 113-1000 series (April 1972 - March 2006)
- 185 series (Tokyo – Atami, Misima through services onto the Itō Line, March 1981 - March 2021)
- 211 series (Tokyo – Atami – Numazu, through services onto the Itō Line, 1985 - April 2012)
- 215 series (Tokyo – Atami, 1992 - March 2021)
- E217 series (Tokyo – Atami, March 2006 - March 2015)[22]
- 251 series (Ikebukuro/Tokyo, Atami, through service onto the Itō Line, April 1990 - March 2020)
- 651 series (Izu Craile services: Odawara – Atami, through service onto the Itō Line, July 2016 - June 2020)
-
E217 series in Tokaido Line Shōnan livery, April 2007
-
A 113 series approaching Yokohama, March 2006.
References
[edit]- ^ a b Smith, Roderick A. (2003). "The Japanese Shinkansen". The Journal of Transport History. 24/2. Imperial College, London: 22–236.
- ^ a b c d 日本国有鉄道百年史 [Centenary of the Japan National Railways] (in Japanese). Vol. 1. 1969. doi:10.11501/12061412.
- ^ "車両ステーション1F|フロアマップ 1F 車両ステーション周辺|鉄道博物館 - THE RAILWAY MUSEUM -". www.railway-museum.jp. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "第3回 丹那トンネル|鹿島の軌跡|鹿島建設株式会社". www.kajima.co.jp. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "6月19日 丹那トンネルが貫通(1933年)(ブルーバックス編集部)". ブルーバックス | 講談社 (in Japanese). Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ Onoda, Shigeru (January 2020). "鉄道人物伝". Railway Technical Research Institute. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "最強蒸気機関車のはずだったデゴイチ弟の不遇 「戦時量産型」D52 戦後はヒーローへ"転生"". 乗りものニュース (in Japanese). 27 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ 連合軍専用列車の時代: 占領下の鉄道史探索 [The Era of Allied Special Trains: a history of Japan's railway under the Allied occupation] (in Japanese). Japan: 潮書房光人新社. 1 May 2000. ISBN 978-4769809548.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ "C62 17". 鉄道ホビダス. 14 September 2006. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "<あのころ>東海道線全線が電化 特急「つばめ」も新装". 47NEWS (in Japanese). Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "BSフジ 鉄道伝説、「鉄道の変革者・篠原武司〜全国新幹線網を構想した男〜」6月24日 | レイルラボ ニュース". レイルラボ(RailLab) (in Japanese). 21 June 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "【復刻掲載】「"リアル鉄"・石破茂とゆく寝台特急の旅!」2009年の週プレ独占インタビューを再掲載!(週プレNEWS)". Yahoo!ニュース (in Japanese). Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "ブルートレインに乗られた上皇陛下 最初に夜行を利用されたのは… - 2ページ目 (2ページ中)". おとなの週末公式|おいしくて、ためになる食のニュースサイト (in Japanese). 10 August 2024. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "⾸都圏エリアへ 「駅ナンバリング」を導⼊します" [Introduce “station numbering” to the Tokyo metropolitan area] (PDF). jreast.co.jp (in Japanese). 6 April 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ Kusamachi, Yoshikazu (7 April 2016). "JA・JK・JT・AKB…JR東日本、首都圏で駅ナンバリングなど導入へ" [JA, JK, JT, AKB … JR East to introduce station numbering in the Tokyo metropolitan area]. Response Automotive Media (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Services resume after 1,500 trapped in train near Tokyo". Kyodo News. Yokohama. 6 August 2023. Archived from the original on 6 August 2023.
- ^ "March 2021 Timetable Revision" (PDF). 18 December 2020.
- ^ An Interview with the President on JR East website, retrieved 2009-05-13
- ^ "東海道線 村岡新駅設置で合意 JR東と県、藤沢、鎌倉市". Kanagawa Shimbun (in Japanese). 8 February 2021. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021.
- ^ "快速「アクティー」最後の2列車が消滅へ 34年の歴史に幕 JR東海道線" [The last two trains of the rapid "Acty" will disappear, ending 34 years of service on the JR Tokaido Line]. trafficnews.jp (in Japanese). 18 December 2022. Archived from the original on 18 December 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
- ^ "Jr京都線、摂津富田~茨木駅間新駅の駅名が「Jr総持寺駅」に決定:Jr西日本".
External links
[edit]- Stations of the Tōkaidō Main Line (JR East) (in Japanese)
Further reading
[edit]Middleton, William D. (August 2023) [April 1966]. "Tomorrow's railroad". Trains. Vol. 83, no. 8. Kalmbach Media. pp. 34–43.