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Lehigh County, Pennsylvania

Coordinates: 40°37′N 75°35′W / 40.61°N 75.59°W / 40.61; -75.59
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lehigh County
Old Lehigh County Courthouse in Allentown, built between 1814 and 1819
Old Lehigh County Courthouse in Allentown, built between 1814 and 1819
Map of Pennsylvania highlighting Lehigh County
Location within the U.S. state of Pennsylvania
Map of the United States highlighting Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 40°37′N 75°35′W / 40.61°N 75.59°W / 40.61; -75.59
Country United States
State Pennsylvania
FoundedMarch 6, 1812
Named forLehigh River
SeatAllentown
Largest cityAllentown
Area
 • Total
348 sq mi (900 km2)
 • Land345 sq mi (890 km2)
 • Water3.1 sq mi (8 km2)  0.9%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
374,557
 • Density1,046/sq mi (404/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district7th
Websitewww.lehighcounty.org

Lehigh County (/ˈlh/; Pennsylvania Dutch: Lechaa Kaundi) is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 374,557.[1] Its county seat is Allentown, the state's third-largest city after Philadelphia and Pittsburgh.[2]

Along with Northampton County to its east, the two counties combine to form the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania, the third-largest metropolitan area of Pennsylvania with a population of 861,889 as of 2020. Lehigh County is one of the fastest-growing counties in Pennsylvania and the more highly populated of the two counties.[3][4] Both counties are part of the Philadelphia television market, the fourth-largest television market in the nation.

The county is named for the Lehigh River, a 109-mile-long (175 km) tributary of the Delaware River, which flows through Lehigh County. During the Industrial Revolution, the Lehigh River served a vital role in the nation's development by offering one of the first transportation and trading routes for mining products, including anthracite, iron, manganese, limestone, and ultimately manufactured steel products.

Lehigh County falls geographically between two Pennsylvania Appalachian mountain ridges, Blue Mountain to the county's north and South Mountain to its south. Lehigh County borders Montgomery County to its south, Bucks County to its southeast, Northampton County to its east, Carbon County to its north, Schuylkill County to its northwest, and Berks County to its southwest.

The county is located 64 miles (103 km) northwest of Philadelphia and 93 miles (150 km) west of New York City.

History

[edit]
Shelter House in Emmaus, constructed in 1734 by Pennsylvania German settlers, is believed to be the oldest continuously occupied building structure in both Lehigh County and the Lehigh Valley and among the oldest still-standing building structures in Pennsylvania.[5][6]
The Soldiers and Sailors Monument, erected in 1899 at 7th and Hamilton streets in Center City Allentown, honors men from Allentown and its suburbs killed in their volunteer service in the 47th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment and other Union Army units during the American Civil War.

Settlement and founding

[edit]

Lehigh County was first settled around 1730 and was formed in 1812 when Northampton County was divided into two counties. The county is named after the Lehigh River, a 109-mile-long (175 km) river that runs through the county and whose name is derived from the Lenape Indian term Lechauweki or Lechauwekink, meaning "where there are forks."[7] Shelter House, constructed in Emmaus in 1734 by Pennsylvania German settlers, is the oldest continuously occupied structure in both Lehigh County and Lehigh Valley and among the oldest still-standing building structures in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.[5][6]

American Revolution

[edit]

Some of the first resistance to British colonialism, which led ultimately to the American Revolutionary War, began in present-day Lehigh County. On December 21, 1774, patriots in the area formed one of the colonies' first Committee of Observations. Following the Declaration of Independence, patriot militas pressured Tories out of Allentown and the surrounding area, and the colonial government in the area began to break down.

After Washington and the Continental Army were defeated at the Battle of Brandywine on September 11, 1777, the revolutionary capital of Philadelphia was left defenseless and Pennsylvania's Supreme Executive Council ordered that eleven Philadelphia bells, including the Liberty Bell (then known as the State House Bell), be taken down and moved to present day Allentown (then called Northampton Towne) and hidden in the basement of Zion Reformed Church on present day West Hamilton Street to protect them from being melted down by the British Army for use as munitions.

Industrial Revolution

[edit]

The opening of the Lehigh Canal beginning in 1827 transformed Allentown and Lehigh County from a rural agricultural area dominated by German-speaking people into an urbanized industrialized area and expanded the city's commercial and industrial capacity greatly. With this, Lehigh County underwent significant industrialization, ultimately becoming a major 20th century center for heavy industry and manufacturing and one of several hubs for the Industrial Revolution.

American Civil War

[edit]

Following the Union Army's defeat at the Battle of Fort Sumter and Lincoln's April 15, 1861, proclamation calling for state militia to provide 75,000 volunteer troops to defend the nation's capital of Washington, D.C., Allentown deployed the Allen Infantry, also known as the Allen Guards and composed of volunteers from Allentown and its surrounding suburbs. The unit mustered in for duty on April 18, 1861. As the Civil War progressed, multiple Union Army units were drawn from Lehigh County, including roughly seventy percent of the 47th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment.

On October 19, 1899, a monument in honor of the Lehigh County men killed in their volunteer service to preservation of the Union, the Soldiers and Sailors Monument, was erected at Seventh and Hamilton streets in Center City Allentown, where it still stands.[8]

Geography

[edit]
The city skyline of Allentown, Lehigh County's largest city, at Christmas 2017
South Mountain, part of the Appalachian Mountain range in Lehigh County, with Allentown in the foreground in December 2010
Lehigh River, a 109-mile-long (175 km) tributary of the Delaware River, in Lehigh County near Slatington in June 2007

Lehigh County has a total area of 348 square miles (900 km2), 345 square miles (890 km2) of which is land and 3.1 square miles (8.0 km2) (0.9%) of which is water.[9]

Topography

[edit]

Lehigh County borders two Appalachian mountain ridges. To the north, the county borders Blue Mountain, which has an altitude of 1,300 to 1,604 feet (396 to 489 m). To the south, it is bordered by South Mountain, which has an altitude of 700 to 1,100 feet (210 to 340 m) and cuts through the southern portions of both Lehigh and Northampton counties. The Lehigh County's highest point is near Germansville at Bake Oven Knob, a mass of Tuscarora conglomeratic rocks that rise about 100 feet (30 m) above the main Blue Mountain ridge in northwestern Heidelberg Township.[10]

Lehigh County is part of the Delaware River watershed. Most of the county is drained by the Lehigh River and its tributaries, though the Schuylkill River also drains regions in the county's south through Perkiomen Creek and (in the county's northwest) through Maiden Creek.

Adjacent counties

[edit]

Climate

[edit]

Lehigh County's climate falls in the humid continental climate zone. The variety is hot-summer (Dfa) except in the county's higher elevation areas, where it is warm-summer (Dfb). Summers are typically hot and muggy, fall and spring are generally mild, and winter is cold. Precipitation is almost uniformly distributed throughout the year.

In Allentown, January lows average −6 °C (21 °F) and highs average 1.3 °C (34.3 °F). The lowest officially recorded temperature was −26.7 °C (−16.1 °F) in 1912. July lows average 17.6 °C (63.7 °F) and highs average 29.2 °C (84.6 °F) with an average relative humidity of 82%. The highest temperature on record was 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) in 1966. Early fall and mid-winter are generally driest with October being the driest month with only 74.7 mm of average precipitation.[11]

Snowfall is variable with some winters bringing light snow and others bringing numerous significant snowstorms. Average snowfall is 82.3 centimetres (32.4 in) per year,[12] with the months of January and February receiving the most now with just over 22.86 centimetres (9.00 in) in each of these months. Rainfall is generally spread throughout the year with eight to twelve wet days per month,[13] at an average annual rate of 110.54 centimetres (43.52 in).[14]

The hardiness zone in the majority of the county has increased from 6b to 7a. 6b still exists in some northern and higher areas. [1]

Climate data for Allentown, Pennsylvania (Lehigh Valley International Airport) 1991-2020 normals (Records x-2021)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 72
(22)
81
(27)
87
(31)
93
(34)
97
(36)
100
(38)
105
(41)
100
(38)
99
(37)
93
(34)
81
(27)
72
(22)
105
(41)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 38.4
(3.6)
41.6
(5.3)
50.8
(10.4)
63.4
(17.4)
73.5
(23.1)
81.9
(27.7)
86.4
(30.2)
84.3
(29.1)
77.4
(25.2)
65.5
(18.6)
53.8
(12.1)
43.1
(6.2)
63.3
(17.4)
Daily mean °F (°C) 30.1
(−1.1)
32.4
(0.2)
40.7
(4.8)
51.8
(11.0)
62.0
(16.7)
70.9
(21.6)
75.6
(24.2)
73.6
(23.1)
66.3
(19.1)
54.6
(12.6)
43.9
(6.6)
35.0
(1.7)
53.1
(11.7)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 21.8
(−5.7)
23.2
(−4.9)
30.5
(−0.8)
40.3
(4.6)
50.6
(10.3)
59.9
(15.5)
64.7
(18.2)
62.8
(17.1)
55.2
(12.9)
43.8
(6.6)
34.1
(1.2)
26.8
(−2.9)
42.8
(6.0)
Record low °F (°C) −15
(−26)
−12
(−24)
−5
(−21)
12
(−11)
28
(−2)
39
(4)
46
(8)
41
(5)
30
(−1)
21
(−6)
3
(−16)
−8
(−22)
−15
(−26)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.30
(84)
2.77
(70)
3.63
(92)
3.67
(93)
3.65
(93)
4.40
(112)
5.30
(135)
4.56
(116)
4.84
(123)
4.14
(105)
3.24
(82)
3.86
(98)
47.36
(1,203)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 9.8
(25)
10.8
(27)
6.3
(16)
0.5
(1.3)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.2
(0.51)
0.9
(2.3)
4.6
(12)
33.1
(84)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 11 10 11 12 12 11 11 10 10 10 9 12 129
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 5 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 16
Source: NOAA[15]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note
182018,895
183022,25617.8%
184025,78715.9%
185032,47926.0%
186043,75334.7%
187056,79629.8%
188065,96916.2%
189076,63116.2%
190093,89322.5%
1910118,83226.6%
1920148,10124.6%
1930172,89316.7%
1940177,5332.7%
1950198,20711.6%
1960227,53614.8%
1970255,30412.2%
1980272,3496.7%
1990291,1306.9%
2000312,0907.2%
2010349,49712.0%
2020374,5577.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[16]
1790-1960[17] 1900-1990[18]
1990-2000[19] 2010-2019[20]

2020 census

[edit]
Lehigh County, Pennsylvania – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[21] Pop 2010[22] Pop 2020[23] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 259,811 250,245 227,994 83.25% 71.60% 60.87%
Black or African American alone (NH) 9,798 17,230 22,950 3.14% 4.93% 6.13%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 317 442 337 0.10% 0.13% 0.09%
Asian alone (NH) 6,488 10,090 13,725 2.08% 2.89% 3.66%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 82 65 91 0.03% 0.02% 0.02%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 331 555 1,779 0.11% 0.16% 0.47%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 3,382 5,255 10,700 1.08% 1.50% 2.86%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 31,881 65,615 96,981 10.22% 18.77% 25.89%
Total 312,090 349,497 374,557 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 374,557.[1] The county's population growth of 7.2% since 2010 is among the fastest in the state.[24] The racial makeup of the county, as of the 2020 census, was 60.8% White, 26% Hispanic or Latino, 6.12% Black or African American, 3.66% Asian, 3.33% from other or mixed races, 0.02% Pacific Islander, and 0.1% Native American.[25]

Politics and government

[edit]

As of March 4, 2024, there were 243,427 registered voters in Lehigh County:[26]

  • Democratic: 111,646 (45.86%)
  • Republican: 84,937 (34.89%)
  • No affiliation: 38,901 (15.98)
  • Other parties: 7,943 (3.27%)

Lehigh County leans Democratic, but is still politically competitive. Lehigh County and neighboring Northampton County are part of Pennsylvania's 7th Congressional district. The 7th Congressional district is a contentious swing district with neither Republicans nor Democrats winning the district consistently. Voters elected Republican Charlie Dent in 2004, 2006, and 2008 and, previously, Republican Pat Toomey in 1998, 2000, and 2002. In 2004, the county narrowly voted for John Kerry over George W. Bush for President. In 2008, all statewide Democratic candidates won the county with significant leads and, in the presidential election, Barack Obama won the county, 57.1% to 41.5%, over John McCain. In the 2012 presidential election, Obama again carried the county but by a narrower margin, 53.17% to 45.52%.[27]

United States presidential election results for Lehigh County, Pennsylvania[28]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 91,207 47.91% 96,317 50.60% 2,844 1.49%
2020 84,418 45.47% 98,498 53.05% 2,739 1.48%
2016 73,690 45.28% 81,324 49.97% 7,719 4.74%
2012 66,874 45.42% 78,283 53.17% 2,067 1.40%
2008 63,382 41.57% 87,089 57.12% 2,002 1.31%
2004 70,160 48.36% 73,940 50.96% 991 0.68%
2000 55,492 47.71% 56,667 48.72% 4,148 3.57%
1996 45,103 42.51% 48,568 45.77% 12,439 11.72%
1992 42,631 37.12% 46,711 40.68% 25,494 22.20%
1988 56,363 56.30% 42,801 42.76% 943 0.94%
1984 61,799 59.69% 41,089 39.69% 649 0.63%
1980 50,782 52.91% 34,827 36.28% 10,376 10.81%
1976 46,895 49.20% 46,620 48.92% 1,793 1.88%
1972 58,023 62.39% 33,325 35.83% 1,654 1.78%
1968 47,255 49.53% 44,033 46.15% 4,120 4.32%
1964 32,245 34.64% 60,377 64.86% 471 0.51%
1960 54,278 57.64% 39,640 42.10% 249 0.26%
1956 50,564 63.30% 29,067 36.39% 251 0.31%
1952 45,143 57.52% 33,033 42.09% 303 0.39%
1948 32,202 53.65% 26,826 44.69% 994 1.66%
1944 31,584 51.75% 29,134 47.73% 315 0.52%
1940 29,584 47.00% 33,007 52.43% 359 0.57%
1936 25,841 41.27% 35,325 56.41% 1,455 2.32%
1932 21,169 46.95% 21,939 48.65% 1,985 4.40%
1928 40,291 74.35% 13,463 24.84% 434 0.80%
1924 20,826 59.02% 10,415 29.52% 4,043 11.46%
1920 18,032 59.49% 10,863 35.84% 1,415 4.67%
1916 10,588 44.67% 11,920 50.29% 1,194 5.04%
1912 2,722 12.20% 10,834 48.56% 8,755 39.24%
1908 11,593 48.80% 11,285 47.50% 879 3.70%
1904 11,826 52.89% 10,138 45.34% 394 1.76%
1900 9,775 47.64% 10,438 50.87% 304 1.48%
1896 9,507 48.90% 9,369 48.19% 567 2.92%
1892 7,089 41.65% 9,699 56.99% 231 1.36%
1888 6,977 43.35% 8,927 55.47% 190 1.18%
1884 6,357 43.72% 8,095 55.67% 88 0.61%
1880 6,144 42.49% 8,292 57.35% 23 0.16%

State House of Representatives[29]

[edit]
District Representative Party
22 Joshua Siegel Democratic
131 Milou Mackenzie Republican
132 Michael H. Schlossberg Democratic
133 Jeanne McNeill Democratic
134 Peter Schweyer Democratic
183 Zach Mako Republican
187 Ryan Mackenzie Republican

State Senate[29]

[edit]
District Representative Party
14 Nick Miller Democratic
16 Jarrett Coleman Republican
18 Lisa Boscola Democratic

U.S. House of Representatives

[edit]

Education

[edit]
Baum School of Art in Allentown in January 2009
Cedar Crest College in Allentown in March 2014
Muhlenberg College in Allentown in March 2014
Allen High School, one of Allentown's two large public high schools, in July 2008
Salisbury High School in Salisbury Township in June 2015

Four-year colleges and universities

[edit]

Two-year colleges and technical institutes

[edit]

Public school districts

[edit]

School districts include:[30]

Public charter schools

[edit]

Private high schools

[edit]

Vocational high school

[edit]

Transportation and infrastructure

[edit]

Air

[edit]
Lehigh Valley International Airport, Pennsylvania's fourth-busiest airport, in Hanover Township in Lehigh County

Lehigh County's primary commercial airport is Lehigh Valley International Airport (IATA: ABE, ICAO: KABE), located in Hanover Township in the county. The county is also served by Allentown Queen City Municipal Airport, a two-runway general aviation facility located off Lehigh Street in Allentown used predominantly by private aviation.[31]

Bus

[edit]

Public bus service in Lehigh County is available through LANta. Several private bus lines, including Trans-Bridge Lines, provide bus service from Allentown to New York City's Port Authority Bus Terminal, Philadelphia's Greyhound Terminal and 30th Street Station, Atlantic City's Bus Terminal, and other regional locations.

Major highways

[edit]
The merger of I-78 East and PA Route 309 South in Lehigh County in September 2022

Media

[edit]

Newspapers

[edit]

The Morning Call (in Allentown), The Express-Times (in Easton), and The Times News (in Lehighton) each cover Lehigh County.

Radio

[edit]

Lehigh County-area radio stations include WAEB-AM in Allentown (talk and news), B104 in Allentown (contemporary hits), WZZO in Bethlehem (classic rock), WHOL in Allentown (rhythmic contemporary), and others. Some major New York City stations and every major Philadelphia station are received in the county.

Television

[edit]

Lehigh County is part of the Philadelphia broadcast media market, the nation's fourth-largest media market. Numerous New York City radio and television stations are also carried in the county. Three television stations are based in the county, WBPH-TV Channel 60, WLVT Channel 39 (the Lehigh Valley's PBS affiliate), and WFMZ Channel 69 (an independent television station).

The four major Philadelphia-based network stations serving Lehigh County are KYW-TV (the CBS affiliate), WCAU (the NBC affiliate), WPVI (the ABC affiliate), and WTXF (the Fox affiliate). The four major New York City-based network stations serving Lehigh County are WABC (the ABC affiliate), WCBS-TV (the CBS affiliate), WNBC (the NBC affiliate), and WNYW (the Fox affiliate). The four major Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-based network stations serving Lehigh County are WNEP-TV (the ABC affiliate), WBRE-TV (the NBC affiliate), WYOU (the CBS affiliate), and WOLF-TV (the Fox affiliate).

Telecommunications

[edit]

From 1947 until 1994, Lehigh County was served exclusively by the 215 area code. With the county's growing population, area code 610 was also allocated to the county in 1994. Today, Lehigh County is covered largely by the 610 area code. An overlay area code, 484, was added to the 610 service area in 1999.[32] A plan to introduce area code 835 as an additional overlay was rescinded in 2001. It has since been reintroduced and will begin use once 610 and 484 extensions are exhausted, possibly as early as September 2022.[33]

Recreation

[edit]
Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom's Steel Force and Thunderhawk roller coasters in Allentown; Steel Force is the eighth-tallest steel roller coaster in the world with a first drop of 205 feet (62 m) and a top speed of 75 miles per hour (121 km/h).[34]
Coca-Cola Park in Allentown, home of the Lehigh Valley IronPigs, the Triple-A affiliate of the Philadelphia Phillies
Little Lehigh Creek in Allentown's Lehigh Parkway in September 2012
Christmas lights at Lehigh Valley Zoo in Schnecksville in December 2020

Amusement parks

[edit]

Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom, one of the largest amusement and water parks on the U.S. East Coast, is located in South Whitehall Township in the county. It is open May through the end of October.

Fairs and festivals

[edit]

The Great Allentown Fair, one of the nation's largest and longest ongoing city fairs, is held annually at Allentown Fairgrounds on North 17th Street in Allentown the end of August and beginning of September. Mayfair Festival of the Arts, an arts and festival fair, is held annually in May on the campus of Cedar Crest College in Allentown.

Golf

[edit]

Lehigh County is home to multiple golf courses, including Brookside Country Club in Macungie, Lehigh Country Club on Cedar Crest Boulevard in Allentown, Olde Homestead Golf Club in New Tripoli, Saucon Valley Country Club in Upper Saucon Township, Shepherd Hills Golf Club in Wescosville, and Wedgewood Golf Course in Coopersburg.

Museums and history

[edit]

The county has several museums, including Allentown Art Museum, America on Wheels, Da Vinci Science Center, George Taylor House, Lehigh County Historical Society at Trout Hall, Museum of Indian Culture, The 1803 House, and others.

Parks and zoo

[edit]

Lehigh County also has 25 acres (100,000 m2) of public parks, including:

Communities

[edit]
Young people gather on 19th Street in Allentown's West End in July 2007
The historic Emmaus Theatre on South Fourth Street in Emmaus in October 2012
Bear Creek Mountain Resort in Longswamp Township in January 2012
The George Taylor House in Catasauqua, the former home of George Taylor, a Founding Father of the United States who signed the Declaration of Independence
A farm in Lynn Township in the northwest corner of Lehigh County in February 2008

Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: cities, boroughs, townships, and, in only one case, towns. The following cities, boroughs, and townships are located in Lehigh County:

Cities

[edit]

Boroughs

[edit]

Townships

[edit]

Census-designated places

[edit]

Census-designated places are geographical areas designated by the U.S. Census Bureau for the purposes of compiling demographic data. They are not actual jurisdictions under Pennsylvania law. Other unincorporated communities, such as villages, may be listed here as well.

Unincorporated communities

[edit]

Population ranking

[edit]

Lehigh County's largest cities, townships, boroughs, and other communities, based on the 2020 census, include:[35]

county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2020 Census)
1 Allentown City 125,845
2 Bethlehem (mostly in Northampton County) City 74,982
4 Emmaus Borough 11,652
5 Ancient Oaks CDP 6,995
6 Catasauqua Borough 6,518
7 Wescosville CDP 6,039
8 Fountain Hill Borough 4,878
9 Dorneyville CDP 4,406
10 Slatington Borough 4,232
11 Breinigsville CDP 4,138
13 Coplay Borough 3,192
14 Macungie Borough 3,074
15 Schnecksville CDP 2,935
17 Coopersburg Borough 2,386
18 Alburtis Borough 2,361
19 Cetronia CDP 2,115
20 Trexlertown CDP 1,988
22 Laurys Station CDP 1,243
24 DeSales University CDP 953
25 New Tripoli CDP 898
26 Slatedale CDP 455

Notable people

[edit]

Since its founding in 1812, Lehigh County has been the birthplace or home to several notable Americans, including:

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Lehigh County at U.S. Census Quick Facts
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ "The Lehigh Valley is growing, census numbers show," Lehigh Valley Live, August 23, 2021
  4. ^ Kraus, Scott (April 2, 2016). "Migration driving Lehigh Valley's recent population growth". The Morning Call. Retrieved May 17, 2017.
  5. ^ a b Shelter House official website, Shelterhouseemmaus.org, retrieved May 4, 2022
  6. ^ a b "Emmaus" at Lehigh Valley Marketplace
  7. ^ Roberts, Charles R. (1936). "Place Names of Lehigh County and Their Origin". Proceedings: Lehigh County Historical Society. Lehigh County Historical Society.
  8. ^ Farris, Jaccii. "Eagles to be returned to the top of Soldiers and Sailors Monument in Allentown". Wfmz.com. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  9. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  10. ^ Miller, Benjamin LeRoy (1941). Lehigh County Pennsylvania: Geology and Geography. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Department of Internal Affairs, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
  11. ^ "Normal Monthly Precipitation, Inches". Archived from the original on September 19, 2006. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
  12. ^ "Snowfall – Average Total In Inches". Archived from the original on June 19, 2011. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
  13. ^ "Average Days of Precipitation, .01 cm or more". Archived from the original on November 3, 2006. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
  14. ^ "Average Monthly Precipitation". Archived from the original on September 19, 2006. Retrieved November 4, 2006.
  15. ^ "NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  16. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  17. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  18. ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 24, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  19. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  20. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved November 17, 2013.
  21. ^ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Lehigh County, Pennsylvania". United States Census Bureau.
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40°37′N 75°35′W / 40.61°N 75.59°W / 40.61; -75.59