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Algiers (1938 film)

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Algiers
Theatrical release poster
Directed byJohn Cromwell
Screenplay byJohn Howard Lawson
James M. Cain (additional dialogue)
Based onPépé le Moko
(1937 novel)
by Henri La Barthe
Pépé le Moko
(1937 film)
Produced byWalter Wanger
Starring
CinematographyJames Wong Howe
Edited by
Music by
Production
company
Distributed byUnited Artists
Release date
  • August 5, 1938 (1938-08-05) (US)
Running time
99 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$691,833[1]
Box office$951,801[1]

Algiers is a 1938 American drama film directed by John Cromwell and starring Charles Boyer, Sigrid Gurie, and Hedy Lamarr.[2] Written by John Howard Lawson, the film is about a notorious French jewel thief hiding in the labyrinthine native quarter of Algiers known as the Casbah. Feeling imprisoned by his self-imposed exile, he is drawn out of hiding by a beautiful French tourist who reminds him of happier times in Paris. The Walter Wanger production was a remake of the successful 1937 French film Pépé le Moko, which derived its plot from the Henri La Barthe novel of the same name.[3]

Algiers was a sensation because it was the first Hollywood film starring Hedy Lamarr, whose beauty became the main attraction for film audiences. The film is notable as one of the sources of inspiration to the screenwriters of the 1942 Warner Bros. film Casablanca, who wrote it with Hedy Lamarr in mind as the original female lead. Charles Boyer's depiction of Pepe le Moko inspired the Warner Bros. animated character Pepé Le Pew. In 1966, the film entered the public domain in the United States because the claimants did not renew its copyright registration in the 28th year after publication.[4]

Plot

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Pepe le Moko is a notorious thief, who, after his last great heist, escaped from France to Algeria. Since his escape, le Moko became a resident and leader of the immense Casbah, or "native quarter", of Algiers. French officials who arrive insisting on Pepe's capture are met with unfazed local detectives, led by Inspector Slimane, who are biding their time. Meanwhile, Pepe begins to feel increasingly trapped in his prison-like stronghold, a feeling which intensifies after meeting the beautiful Gaby, who is visiting from France. His love for Gaby soon arouses the jealousy of Ines, Pepe's Algerian mistress.

The song in this film is called C'est la Vie which means That's Life in French.

Cast

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Cast notes

  • Austrian actress Hedy Lamarr made her American film debut in Algiers, although she was already known for her appearance in the 1933 Czech film Ecstasy, in which she appeared totally nude.[3] Howard Dietz, the head of MGM's publicity department, quizzed her about this, and she admitted to having appeared nude. "Did you look good?", he asked. "Of course!" "Then it's all right", he said, "no damage has been done."[2]

Production

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Walter Wanger, the producer of Algiers, purchased the rights to the French film Pepe le Moko in order to remake it, and bought all prints of the film to prevent it from competing with his film in the U.S. Wanger used most of the music from the French film in this remake as well as background sequences.[2][3]

Algiers

The first version of the script for Algiers was rejected by the Breen Office because the leading ladies were both portrayed as "kept women," and because of references to prostitution, the promiscuity of the lead character, and his suicide at the end of the film, which was directed to be changed to his being shot instead of killing himself.[3]

Backgrounds and exteriors for the film were shot in Algiers by a photographer named Knechtel, who was based in London. These photographs were integrated into the film by cinematographer James Wong Howe.[3]

United Artists had considered Ingrid Bergman, Dolores del Río, and Sylvia Sidney for the female lead, but, as Boyer tells it, he met Hedy Lamarr at a party and introduced her to Wanger as a possibility for his co-lead. Cromwell says about Lamarr that she could not act. "After you've been in the business for a time, you can tell easily enough right when you meet them. I could sense her inadequacy, Wanger could sense it, and I could see Boyer getting worried even before we started talking behind Hedy's back...Sometimes the word personality is interchangeable with presence although they aren't the same thing. But the principle applies, and Hedy also had no personality. How could they think she could become a second Garbo?...I'll take some credit for making her acting passable but can only share credit with Boyer fifty-fifty."[2]

Boyer did not enjoy his work on Algiers. "An actor never likes to copy another's style," he said, "and here I was copying Jean Gabin, one of the best." Director Cromwell "would run a scene from the original and insist we do it exactly that way — terrible, a perfectly terrible way to work." Cromwell, however, said that Boyer "never appreciated how different his own Pepe was from Gabin's. Boyer showed something like genius to make it different. It was a triumph of nuance. The shots are the same, the dialogue has the same meaning, but Boyer's Pepe and Gabin's Pepe are two different fellows but in the same predicament."[2]

Box office

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The film earned a profit of $150,466.[1]

Awards and honors

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Joseph Calleia (right) in Algiers

Academy Awards

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National Board of Review Awards

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Joseph Calleia received the 1938 National Board of Review Award for his performance as Slimane.[5]

Adaptations and remakes

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Newspaper advertisement for The Campbell Playhouse presentation of Algiers (October 8, 1939)

Radio

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In the autumn of 1938, Hollywood Playhouse presented a radio adaptation of Algiers starring Charles Boyer.[6]: 222 

Algiers was adapted for the October 8, 1939, presentation of the CBS Radio series The Campbell Playhouse. The hour-long adaptation starred Orson Welles and Paulette Goddard,[7][8] with Ray Collins taking the role of Inspector Slimane.[6]: 222 

The film was dramatized as an hour-long radio play on two broadcasts of Lux Radio Theatre. Charles Boyer and Hedy Lamarr reprised their roles in the broadcast July 7, 1941.[9] Boyer starred with Loretta Young in the broadcast December 14, 1942.[10][11]

Film

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A musical remake of Algiers titled Casbah was released in 1948 by Universal Pictures and starred Tony Martin and Yvonne De Carlo. A 1949 Italian parody titled Totò Le Moko featured the comedian Totò.[3]

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The 1938 film Algiers was most Americans' introduction to the picturesque alleys and souks of the Casbah.[citation needed] It was also the inspiration for the 1942 film Casablanca, written specifically for Hedy Lamarr in the female lead role. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, however, refused to release Lamarr, so the role went to Ingrid Bergman.

The oft-quoted invitation extended by Charles Boyer to "come with me to the Casbah" does not appear in the film, but still became comedians' standard imitation of Boyer, much like "Play it again, Sam" for Humphrey Bogart, "Judy, Judy, Judy" for Cary Grant and "You dirty rat" for James Cagney– all apocryphal lines. Boyer hated being reduced in that way, believing that it demeaned him as an actor.[2] In some part, the lampoon of Boyer spread, owing to its use by Looney Tunes cartoon character Pepé Le Pew, a spoof of Boyer as Pépé le Moko.[2] The amorous skunk used "Come with me to the Casbah" as a pickup line. In 1954, the Looney Tunes cartoon The Cat's Bah, which specifically spoofed Algiers, the skunk enthusiastically declared to Penelope Pussycat "You do not have to come with me to ze Casbah. We are already here!"

Parts of the dialog between Charles Boyer and Hedy Lamarr have been sampled by new wave band The New Occupants for their song Electric Angel.[12]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Bernstein, Matthew (2000). Walter Wagner: Hollywood Independent. Minnesota Press, p. 439.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g LoBianco, Lorraine. "Algiers". TCM.com. Retrieved February 20, 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Algiers". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved February 20, 2024.
  4. ^ Pierce, David (June 2007). "Forgotten Faces: Why Some of Our Cinema Heritage Is Part of the Public Domain". Film History: An International Journal. 19 (2): 125–43. doi:10.2979/FIL.2007.19.2.125. ISSN 0892-2160. JSTOR 25165419. OCLC 15122313. S2CID 191633078.
  5. ^ "The Year's Best". National Board of Review Magazine. 14 (1). National Board of Review: 12. January 1939. Retrieved 2015-11-15.
  6. ^ a b Brady, Frank (1989). Citizen Welles: A Biography of Orson Welles. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 0-385-26759-2.
  7. ^ "The Campbell Playhouse". RadioGOLDINdex. Archived from the original on 2014-12-06. Retrieved 2015-11-15.
  8. ^ "The Campbell Playhouse: Algiers". Orson Welles on the Air, 1938–1946. Indiana University Bloomington. October 8, 1939. Retrieved 2018-07-29.
  9. ^ "Lux Radio Theatre 1941". Internet Archive. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
  10. ^ "Lux Radio Theatre 1942". Internet Archive. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
  11. ^ "The Lux Radio Theatre". RadioGOLDINdex. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
  12. ^ The New Occupants - Electric Angel, retrieved 2022-09-16
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