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Dibrugarh district

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Dibrugarh.

Dibrugarh district
District of Assam
Bogibeel Bridge
Bogibeel Bridge
Location in Assam
Location in Assam
Coordinates (Dibrugarh): 27°28′N 94°55′E / 27.47°N 94.92°E / 27.47; 94.92
Country India
StateAssam
DivisionUpper Assam
HeadquartersDibrugarh
Tehsils
21
  • Dibrugarh City
  • Moderkhat
  • Lahowal
  • Rohmoria
  • Laruwa
  • Jamira
  • Mancotta-Khanikar
  • Moran
  • Sepon
  • Lengeri
  • Khowang
  • Tengakhat
  • Tipling
  • Kheremia
  • Chabua Pulunga
  • Bogdung
  • Gharbandi
  • Sasoni
  • Joypur
  • Fakial
  • Tingkhong
Government
 • Member of ParliamentSarbananda Sonowal (BJP) – Dibrugarh
Pradan Baruah (BJP) – Lakhimpur
 • District CommissionerBikram Kairi (IAS)
 • Superintendent of PoliceV.V. Rakesh Reddy (IPS)
Area
 • Total
3,381 km2 (1,305 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total
1,326,335
 • Density390/km2 (1,000/sq mi)
 • Urban
243,730 (18.38%)
 • Rural
1,082,605 (81.62%)
Demographics
 • Literacy76.22%
 • Sex ratio961 per 1000 male
 • Scheduled Castes4.44% (58,876)
 • Scheduled Tribes7.76% (102,871)
Language
 • OfficialAssamese, English
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationAS-06-xxxx
Major highwaysNH 15
Websitedibrugarh.assam.gov.in

Dibrugarh district (Pron:ˌdɪbru:ˈgor:) is a district in the state of Assam in India. The district headquarters are located within the city of Dibrugarh.

Etymology

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Dibrugarh derived its name from Dibarumukh (as a renowned encampment of Ahoms during the Ahom-Chutia war). Either the name “Dibru” evolved from Dibaru river or from the Tibeto Burman word “Dibru” which means a “blister” and “Garh” meaning "fort". The Tibeto Burman add the prefix “Di-” (which means “water”) wherever there is small stream, a river, or a large river in a town or city.[2]

History

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Tributary state of Mongmao

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Dibrugarh was under the Möng Mao ruler Si Kefa (yellow) in 1360 CE

According to the Brief History of Mengguo Zhanbi, in 1318, Si Kefa, the ruler of Mongmao after conquering southeast states till Lancang river from the Yuan dynasty, appointed his brother Sanlongfa as the general and led an army of 90,000 to attack the king of Mengwei Sari (Upper Assam) in the northwest. In the end, he designed a plan to make Mengwei Sari surrender and pay tribute.[3] In Hsweni state chronicle, the two generals Tao Sen Yen and Tao Sen Hai Khai sent with Samlongpha sent a story to Hso Khan Hpa (Si Kefa) at Mongyang that Samlongpha was conspiring with the king of Mong Wehsali Long to dethrone Hso Khan Hpa, Hso Khan Hpa believed the story and sent poison food to Samlongpha and he died at Mongkawng.[4]

16th century

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The region was part of the Chutia Kingdom until the Ahoms occupied it in the year 1523 AD. The Chutia army under the generals Kasitora, Alangi Chetia and Borpatra fought against the Ahoms at Dibrumukh,[5] but were defeated. After the Ahoms captured Sadiya in 1524 AD, bringing an end to the Chutia kingdom, the Ahom king Suhungmung placed an official named Chaolung Shulung to control the region.[6]

Since the defeat of the royalists troops at Amaratali of Dibru in 1787 A.D. in the reign of Gaurinath Singha, during the Moamoria rebellion this region came under the Moamarias who also formed there a dominant religious community.[better source needed] Dibrugarh became a separate district when it was split from Lakhimpur on 2 October 1971.[7] On 1 October 1989 Tinsukia district was split from Dibrugarh.[7]

Geography

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Dibrugarh district occupies an area of 3,381 square kilometres (1,305 sq mi),[8] comparatively equivalent to Russia's Vaygach Island.[9] The district extends from 27° 5' 38" N to 27° 42' 30" N latitude and 94°33'46"E to 95°29'8"E longitude. It is bounded by Dhemaji district on the north, Tinsukia district on the east, Tirap district of Arunachal Pradesh on the south-east and Sibsagar district on the north and south-west. The area stretches from the north bank of the Brahmaputra, which flows for a length of 95 km through the northern margin of the district, to the Patkai foothills on the south. The Burhi Dihing, a major tributary of the Brahmaputra with its network of tributaries and wetlands flows through the district from east to west. There is a large tract of Tropical Rainforest in its eastern and southern regions, which is a part of the Dehing Patkai wildlife sanctuary.

Flora and fauna

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A duck swimming.
The endangered white-winged duck, found in Dibru-Saikhowa National Park

In 1999 Dibrugarh district became home to Dibru-Saikhowa National Park, which has an area of 340 km2 (131.3 sq mi).[10] It shares the park with Tinsukia district. It is also home to the Padumani-Bherjan-Borajan Wildlife Sanctuary, which was established in 1999 and has an area of 7.2 km2 (2.8 sq mi).[10] In 2020 Dibrugarh district became home to Dehing Patkai National Park, which has an area of 231.65 km2 (89.4 sq mi).[10] It shares the park with Tinsukia district.

Economy

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Tea and oil are the major revenue earners for the district. Beside these many rice and oilseed mills exist. Also there are some coal mining and petroleum production industries.

Agriculture

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The majority of the population are occupied in farming of rice, sugar-cane, pulses, and fish farming.

Dibrugarh has the world's largest area covered by tea gardens. The entire district is surrounded by tea plantations and has tea factories. Many tea gardens are more than 100 years old.

Industry

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The world's oldest running oil refinery is situated in Digboi (Tinsukia District). The entire district has many oil and natural gas rigs owned by the Oil India Limited and Oil and Natural Gas Corporation.

The headquarters of Oil India Limited is located in Duliajan,[11] 50 km from Dibrugarh Town.

Namrup is known for its 3 main industries viz. BVFCL (Brahmaputra Valley Fertilizer Corporation Ltd.), APL (Assam Petrochemicals Ltd.) and NTPS (Namrup Thermal Power Station).

Administrative

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The Administrative System is divided into:

  1. Village (1361)
  2. Block (7)
  3. Gaon Panchayats (93)
  4. Zilla Parishad (1)

In the lower-house (Lok Sabha) of the Indian Parliament, Dibrugarh is one constituency and represented by one elected Member of the Parliament.

Notable towns and villages

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Revenue circles

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  • Dibrugarh East
  • Dibrugarh West
  • Chabua
  • Tengakhat
  • Naharkatia
  • Tingkhong
  • Moran.

Police stations

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  • Borboruah (City) PS
  • Chabua PS
  • Dibrugarh Sadar Town (City)
  • Duliajan PS
  • Joypur PS
  • Khowang PS
  • Lahowal (City) PS
  • Moran PS
  • Naharkatia PS
  • Rajgarh PS
  • Rohmoria, Ghoramora PS
  • Tengakhat PS
  • Tingkhong PS

There are seven Assam Legislative Assembly constituencies in this district: Moran, Dibrugarh, Lahowal, Duliajan, Tingkhong, Naharkatia, and Chabua.[12] Chabua is in the Lakhimpur Lok Sabha constituency, whilst the other six are in the Dibrugarh Lok Sabha constituency.[13]

Transport

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Dibrugarh is well linked by roads, railway (Dibrugarh railway station), airway (Mohanbari Airport) and waterway. There are four airfields, which were used by the British against Japanese forces in Burma during World War II.

Demographics

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Religions in Dibrugarh district (2011)[14]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 90.35%
Islam
 
 4.86%
Christianity
 
 3.99%
Other or not stated
 
 0.80%

According to the 2011 census Dibrugarh district has a population of 1,326,335,[1] roughly equal to the nation of Mauritius[15] or the US state of Maine.[16] This gives it a ranking of 367th in India (out of a total of 640).[1] The district has a population density of 393 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,020/sq mi).[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.04%.[1] Dibrugarh has a sex ratio of 961 females for every 1000 males,[1] and a literacy rate of 76.05%, 82.82% in males and 68.99% in females. 18.38% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.44% and 7.76% of the population respectively.[1]

Languages of Dibrugarh district (2011)[17]

  Assamese (76.01%)
  Bengali (5.93%)
  Hindi (5.80%)
  Sadri (4.83%)
  Nepali (1.72%)
  Bhojpuri (1.13%)
  Odia (1.00%)
  Others (3.58%)

Dibrugarh is a multi-cultural district. According to the 2011 census, 76.01% of the district speaks Assamese, 5.93% Bengali, 5.80% Hindi, 4.83% Sadri, 1.72% Nepali, 1.13% Bhojpuri and 1.00% Odia as their first language.[17]

Education

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The district is the pivot of higher education in the entire North East India. Right from the British India period the district has been a center for learning. The Assam Medical College was established by a personal grant from Dr. John Berry White after he retired as the civil surgeon of Lakhimpur district. The medical school, "John Berry White Medical School" was set up in 1900 at Dibrugarh, and thus this premier institute started its history, and marked a new era in education.[18] Assam Medical College has the pride of having the first Radiology department in India, as in 1910 two X-ray machine (One 10MA and another 15MA) was bought from England, only 15 years after the discovery of X-rays by Professor Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895–96. These two were the first X-ray machines in India.

Apart from medical, the other higher fields of learning in the district are Pharmacology, Geology and Applied Geology and Petroleum Technology. All these courses are offered by Dibrugarh University, which was established in 1965.

Beside the university, other centres for learning are:

  • Dibrugarh Poly-technique, offering various diploma courses in electrical, civil and mechanical fields
  • Regional Medical Research Centre - RMRC, a centre for scientific and research in bio-medical sciences where major health problems and its causes are studied

The district came to national prominence for education in 2009 with Gaurav Agarwal of the Assam Valley School topping the country in the Class XII board examinations conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations.[19][20][21]

Politics

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The Dibrugarh district is part Dibrugarh, and Lakhimpur parliament constituency. Vidhan Sabha constituencies are Moran, Dibrugarh, Lahowal, Duliajan, Tingkhong, Naharkatia, Chabua

Notable people

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Main page: Category:People from Dibrugarh district

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g "District Census Handbook: Dibrugarh" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  2. ^ "About Dibrugarh – Dibrugarh University". Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  3. ^ 佚名 著; 龚肃政 译; 杨永生 注. 银云瑞雾的勐果占璧简史. 勐果占璧及勐卯古代诸王史. 昆明: 云南民族出版社. 1988: 1–51. ISBN 7-5367-0352-X.
  4. ^ (Scott 1967:17)
  5. ^ Deodhai Assam Buranji, p.1
  6. ^ "Ahom-buranji". 12 November 1939 – via Internet Archive.
  7. ^ a b Government of Assam, Govt of Assam (28 November 2019). "Govt Order No. AAP 110/70/169 dtd 24th Sept/1971". RKG Dibrugarh. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  8. ^ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Assam: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. p. 1116. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7. {{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
  9. ^ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 18 February 1998. Archived from the original on 1 December 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2011. Vaygach Island 3,329
  10. ^ a b c Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Assam". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  11. ^ "Oil India Limited :: A Navratna Company". Oil-india.com. Retrieved 20 May 2011.
  12. ^ "List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Revenue & Election District wise break - up" (PDF). Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  13. ^ "List of Assembly Constituencies showing their Parliamentary Constituencies wise break - up" (PDF). Chief Electoral Officer, Assam website. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  14. ^ "Table C-01 Population By Religion: Assam". census.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  15. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Mauritius 1,303,717 July 2011 est.
  16. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Maine 1,328,361
  17. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population By Mother Tongue: Assam". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  18. ^ "Assam Medical College". Retrieved 19 May 2011.
  19. ^ "Dibrugarh boy earns laurels". The Assam Tribune. Guwahati, India. 23 May 2009. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013.
  20. ^ "14th founders' day of Assam Valley School concludes". The Assam Tribune. Guwahati, India. 19 November 2009. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013.
  21. ^ "Women power in ICSE feat". The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. 22 May 2009. Archived from the original on 22 June 2014.

Bibliography

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  • Scott, James George (1967), Hsenwi State Chronicle
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